荷斯坦奶牛泌乳曲线拟合分析  

Fitting Analysis of Lactation Curve of Holsteins

作　　者：栗敏杰 任小丽 闫磊 闫跃飞 白雪利 李静茹 李学钦 邓好好 张震 高腾云[1] LI Minjie;REN Xiaoli;YAN Lei;YAN Yuefei;BAI Xueli;LI Jingru;LI Xueqin;DENG Haohao;ZHANG Zhen;GAO Tengyun(College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China;Henan Dairy Herd Improvement Center,Zhengzhou,Henan 450000,China;Gaolong Town Longxin Dairy Farm,Luoyang,Henan 471931,China;Luoyang Shengsheng Dairy Co.LTD,Luoyang,Henan 471199,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学牧医工程学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省奶牛生产性能测定中心,河南郑州450000 [3]偃师市高龙镇隆鑫奶牛养殖场,河南洛阳471931 [4]洛阳生生乳业有限公司,河南洛阳471199

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2020年第9期34-38,共5页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：现代奶牛产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-36);河南省科技攻关(192102110180);濮阳市重大科技专项计划(170106);河南省重大科技专项(161100510200)。

摘　　要：研究旨在比较Wood模型和AS模型对荷斯坦奶牛不同胎次泌乳曲线的拟合效果,探究泌乳期内产奶量的变化规律。选择中原地区两个规模化牧场374头中国荷斯坦牛2006-2018年的产奶量记录,使用NLS语句拟合其泌乳曲线并利用AIC比较拟合效果。结果表明,1、3胎AS模型的AIC值较低,2胎Wood模型的AIC值较低;不同胎次的泌乳曲线二级参数不同:1胎泌乳高峰日晚、高峰产奶量较低,但泌乳持续力强,2至4胎次泌乳高峰日早、高峰产奶量较高、泌乳持续力较弱;不同牧场间泌乳曲线二级参数也有差别。结果提示,AS模型为1、3胎最佳拟合模型,Wood模型为2胎最佳拟合模型;头胎牛和经产牛的泌乳曲线差别较大,在实际生产管理中应分群饲养,根据各自不同的泌乳特点供给泌乳期营养。By comparing the fitting effects of Wood model and AS model on different parities lactation curves of dairy cows, the paper explored the variation of milk yield during lactation period. The milk production records of 374 Chinese Holstein cows from 2006 to 2018 and NLS statements in R v3.5.1 were selected to fit the lactation curves in 2 large-scale farms of Central Plains and the AIC was used to compare the fitting effects. The results showed that 1) AIC of the AS model for parities 1 and 3 was lower, and that of the Wood model for parity 2 was lower;2) The secondary parameters of lactation curves for different parities were different. The persistence of the first parity was the longest, but the peak was late and the yield at peak was low. The persistence of the remaining parities was weak, but the peak yield was early and the peak yield was high. The secondary parameters of lactation curves for different farms were also different. These results indicated that AS model and Wood model provided best fit of the lactation curve of parities 1, 3 and parity 2, respectively. The lactation curves of the primiparous cows and multipara cows were quite different, in actual production management, they should be group fed to provide lactation nutrition according to their different lactation characteristics.

关 键 词：荷斯坦牛 泌乳曲线 胎次 WOOD模型 AS模型 赤池信息量准则 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]