空间核反应堆电源需求分析研究  

Research on Space Nuclear Reactor Power Demand Analysis

作　　者：周彪 吉宇 孙俊[1] 孙玉良[1] ZHOU Biao;JI Yu;SUN Jun;SUN Yuliang(Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology,Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,先进反应堆工程与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2020年第10期1912-1923,共12页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：清华大学自主科研计划资助项目(20197050014);民用航天项目资助(D010501)。

摘　　要：空间电源技术是开展空间探测的核心技术之一,空间核反应堆电源具有能量密度大、功率覆盖范围广、受太空环境影响小等特点,是未来空间电源的理想选择。本文从空间任务适用对象、系统比质量两方面对现有空间电源进行对比,阐述了空间核反应堆电源在未来空间活动的可能应用场合。基于对未来民用与军用空间任务的调研,归纳了空间核反应堆电源的功率需求。针对不同功率量级,对比分析了公开发表的不同空间核反应堆电源技术方案,给出了不同功率量级相对优化的技术路线选择。本研究可为空间核反应堆电源研究设计提供参考。Space power is one of the core technologies for space exploration.Space nuclear reactor power is characterized by high energy density,wide power coverage and small dependence on space environment,which is a promising choice for future space power.In this paper,the existing space power systems in view of mission targets and system specific mass were compared,potential application of space nuclear reactor power in future space activities was presented.Based on the investigation of the future civil and military space missions,the power requirement of space nuclear reactor power was summarized.According to different powers,the various technology schemes for space nuclear reactor power in the open literatures were compared,and the relatively optimized technical roadmaps for different power levels were given.This study can provide guidance for the space nuclear reactor power system design.

关 键 词：空间核反应堆电源 系统比质量 功率需求 技术路线 

分 类 号：TL413[核科学技术—核技术及应用]