明中期景德镇御器厂制瓷作坊布局讨论——以2014年考古发掘资料为中心  

A Survey of The Layout of Functional Areas of Imperial Porcelain Manufacturers in Jingdezhen of The Middle Ming Dynasty by The Archaeological Excavations in 2014

作　　者：钟燕娣 秦大树[1] 李慧 Zhong Yandi;Qin Dashu;Li Hui

机构地区：[1]北京大学考古文博学院 [2]景德镇市陶瓷考古研究所

出　　处：《故宫博物院院刊》2020年第9期43-60,124,125,共20页Palace Museum Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“非洲出土中国古代外销瓷与海上丝绸之路研究”(项目编号:15ZDB057);国家社科基金后期资助项目“景德镇明清御窑厂2014年考古发掘报告”(项目编号:19FKGB005)成果。

摘　　要：学界对御窑厂的研究主要集中在御窑器物上,对于具体生产瓷器的场所(即御窑制瓷作坊)关注较少。本文结合文献与考古发掘成果,分析了明中期御器厂的功能及布局,阐明了低温釉装饰及釉上彩装饰作坊(色作)、器物拉坯成型作坊、器物烧造窑炉、器物拣选与废弃场所、祭祀供奉师主庙诸功能区的具体特点及位置,最终认为明中期御器厂内各作坊与功能区出于实用目的自成一体,分布得并不集中,但布局合理,作业环境通畅,并且考古发现与晚期文献记载的御窑厂布局有所出入,御窑厂布局在不同时期可能一直在发生变化。Following the historical documents and the archaeological findings the thesis probes into the features and layout of the functional areas of the imperial porcelain manufacturers in Jingdezhen of the middle Ming dynasty by locating the workshops for painting, molding, firing and selecting products, the areas for selecting the perfect and deserting the defect products, and the temple where master of ceramics is enshrined as well. It is found that they are well organized in function and arrangement to form the efficient assembly line of production. There are some cases that the positions in the documents do not accord with the specific excavated sites, which indicates that the functional areas were probably relocated at different times.

关 键 词：景德镇御窑厂遗址 明中期 功能区划 窑场布局 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] K878.5[历史地理—中国史]