火电厂湿式通风冷却塔向大气排放氯离子问题研究  

Study on chloride ion emission to the atmosphere from wet ventilation cooling tower of thermal power plants

作　　者：苏跃进 董宝林 Su Yuejin;Dong Baolin(National Power Investment Group Henan Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450016,China)

机构地区：[1]国家电投集团河南电力有限公司,河南郑州450016

出　　处：《工业水处理》2020年第10期27-33,共7页Industrial Water Treatment

摘　　要：冷却塔风吹损失的液滴携带较高浓度氯离子,排放至大气后会生成氯盐细颗粒物。通过对某燃煤电厂循环水系统的补水率、排污损失率、总溶解固形物浓缩倍率进行分析计算,得到风吹损失率是经验取值的2.6倍,冷却塔氯离子排放质量浓度折合烟气排放质量浓度为39.5 mg/m^3,氯离子排放因子为138.5 mg/(kW·h),折合472.7 g/t标煤,推算出2018年全国火电厂冷却塔排放的氯离子量为46万t。火电厂普遍通过湿式通风冷却塔排放水溶性离子是大气污染物监管的一个漏洞。The high concentration of chloride ions in the droplets are discharged to the atmosphere through the wet ventilation cooling tower,which produce fine chloride salts particles.The water replenishment rate,sewage loss rate and total dissolved solids concentration rate in a coal-fired power plant’s water circulating system were calculated.The wind blowing loss rate was 2.6 times of the empirical value.The chlorine ion emission concentration of the cooling to-wer was equivalent to 39.5 mg/m^3 of the flue gas emission concentration.The chlorine ion emission factor was 138.5 mg/(kW·h),equivalent to 472.7 g/t standard coal.The chlorine ion discharged from the cooling tower amount was esti-mated to 460000 tons extending to thermal power plant all over the national in 2018.It is a loophole of air pollutant supervision that water-soluble ions are generally discharged by wet ventilation cooling tower in thermal power plants.

关 键 词：湿式通风冷却塔 风吹损失率 氯离子 排放源清单 氯离子排放因子 

分 类 号：X503[环境科学与工程—环境工程]