基于无源反向散射技术的智能标签:应用与挑战  

Smart tags based on the batteryless backscatter technology: applications and challenges

作　　者：郭颖 王公仆[1] 李宗辉 何睿斯 钟章队[1] GUO Ying;WANG Gongpu;LI Zonghui;HE Ruisi;ZHONG Zhangdui(School of Computer and Information Technology,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学计算机与信息技术学院,北京100044

出　　处：《物联网学报》2020年第3期20-29,共10页Chinese Journal on Internet of Things

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.U1834210,No.61871026)。

摘　　要：射频识别(RFID,radio frequency identification)技术自被提出以来,因其便捷高效的独特优势逐渐被广泛应用于交通、物流、工业和商业等领域。RFID标签作为存储可识别数据的载体,在RFID系统中具有至关重要的作用,越来越多的功能与模块被嵌入RFID标签,并发展成为不同应用领域的智能标签。近年来,随着物联网和各种新型反向散射技术的发展,无线无源智能标签逐渐兴起。无线无源智能标签应用无源反向散射技术,借助射频信号获取能量并传输信息。从RFID技术入手,简要介绍了RFID的发展历史和传统智能标签,比较了传统智能标签和无线无源智能标签的区别,总结了无线无源智能标签的优点,列举了其在不同领域的具体应用,并分析了当前面临的挑战性问题。Since the radio frequency identification(RFID)technology was put forward,it has been widely used in the transportation,logistics,industry and business due to its convenience and high efficiency.As a carrier for storing recognizable data,the RFID tags play a crucial role in the Internet of things(IoT).More and more functions and modules are embedded in the RFID tags and developed into smart tags in different application fields.Recently,wireless batteryless smart tags have arisen and grown rapidly with the development of the IoT and various emerging backscatter technologies.Wireless batteryless smart tags use the passive backscatter technology to harvest the energy and transmit information through radio frequency signals.Starting from the RFID technology,the history of the RFID and smart tags was introduced briefly,the differences between traditional smart tags and emerging wireless smart tags were compared,the advantages of wireless batteryless smart tags were concluded,several specific applications of it in different fields were listed,and the open challenges were analyzed.

关 键 词：射频识别 无线无源智能标签 反向散射技术 智能表面 射频能量采集 

分 类 号：TN929.5[电子电信—通信与信息系统]