浙江省燃煤电厂原煤、煤渣和煤灰中天然放射性水平调查分析  

Investigation of natural radioactivity level in coal,coal cinder and coal ash of coal-fired power plants in Zhejiang

作　　者：姚海云 王欣刚 孙亚敏 方剑青 黄国夫 张荣锁 YAO Haiyun;WANG Xingang;SUN Yamin;FANG Jianqing;HUANG Guofu;ZHANG Rongsuo(Zhejiang Radiation Environment Monitoring Station,Key Laboratory of Radiation Safety Monitoring in Zhejiang Province,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江省辐射环境监测站浙江省辐射环境安全监测重点实验室,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《能源环境保护》2020年第5期65-70,共6页Energy Environmental Protection

基　　金：浙江省生态环境厅科研资助项目(No.20190701015)。

摘　　要：针对浙江省总装机容量30万千瓦以上燃煤发电厂,采用低本底HPGeγ谱仪分析了原煤、煤渣和煤灰中天然放射性核素的含量。结果表明:原煤238 U、226 Ra、232 Th、40 K的比活度均值分别为48.7、39.7、50.5和68.2 Bq/kg,煤渣238 U、226 Ra、232 Th、40 K的比活度均值分别为96.0、87.0、114和182 Bq/kg;煤灰238 U、226 Ra、232 Th、40 K的比活度均值分别为133、111、143和209 Bq/kg;天然放射性核素在煤渣和煤灰中均呈现不同程度的富集现象,煤渣和煤灰的富集因子均值分别为3.4~4.8、4.8~5.9。对煤渣和煤灰用作建材原料的可行性进行了评价,当建材原料100%为煤渣或煤灰时,约有18.4%的样品超过GB 6566—2010限值。为此,建议对用作建材原料的煤渣和煤灰进行放射性检测,严格控制高比活度的煤渣和煤灰在建材原料中的比例。For coal-fired power plants with a total installed capacity more than 300 MW in Zhejiang,a low-background HPGeγspectrometer was used to analyze the content of natural radionuclides in raw coal,coal slag and coal ash.The results shows that the average specific activities of 238 U,226 Ra,232 Th,40 K in coal were 48.7 Bq/kg,39.7 Bq/kg,50.5 Bq/kg,and 68.2 Bq/kg,respectively.The average specific activities of 238 U,226 Ra,232 Th,40 K in coal cinder were 96.0 Bq/kg,87.0 Bq/kg,114 Bq/kg,and 182 Bq/kg,respectively.The average specific activities of 238 U,226 Ra,232 Th,40 K in coal ash were 133 Bq/kg,111 Bq/kg,143 Bq/kg,and 209 Bq/kg,respectively.Natural radionuclides show different degrees of enrichment in coal cinder and coal ash.The average enrichment factors of coal cinder and coal ash are 3.4~4.8 and 4.8~5.9.The feasibility of using cinder and coal ash as raw materials for building materials was evaluated.When 100% of raw materials for building materials were cinder or coal ash,about 18.4%of samples exceeded the limit of GB 6566—2010.Therefore,it is recommended to detect the radioactivity of cinder and coal ash used as raw materials for building materials,and strictly control the proportion of cinder and coal ash with high specific activity in the raw materials of building materia.

关 键 词：燃煤电厂 原煤 煤渣 煤灰 天然放射性核素 

分 类 号：X837[环境科学与工程—环境工程]