安徽省八里河流域水质污染时空变化研究  

Temporal and spatial variation of water pollution in Bali River Basin of Anhui Province

作　　者：吕睿喆 王翔宇[1] 宗梅[1] LV Ruizhe;WANG Xiangyu;ZONG Mei(Anhui Academy of Environmental Sciences,Hefei 230000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省环境科学研究院,安徽合肥230000

出　　处：《能源环境保护》2020年第5期71-78,共8页Energy Environmental Protection

基　　金：国家水体污染控制科技重大专项:沙颍河中下游农业面源污染控制与水质改善集成(2015ZX07204-007);红薯淀粉加工废水还田利用处理技术验证研究与推广(2017ZX07602-001-005)。

摘　　要：为掌握八里河流域污染成因、污染集中期和重污染地带,在八里河流域设置了7个河道监测断面及33个地下水监测点位,连续1年监测了地表水COD、氨氮、TP和地下水氨氮、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐,分析了八里河流域水质时空变化趋势,提出了相应的污染控制措施。结果表明:受淀粉加工污染影响,各项指标在10~12月迅速上升,COD在第二年4月以后逐渐降低恢复至正常值,氨氮和TP难以达标;地表水污染以柳沟最为严重,五里湖沟次之,第三湖沟水质相对最好;淀粉废水还会通过淋滤进入浅层地下水,造成地下水氨氮污染;氨氮污染最初主要集中在流域西南方,逐渐向全流域扩散。针对当地突出的红薯淀粉加工废水污染问题,建议推广低污染的淀粉生产技术,制定适用于八里河流域的规范化与标准化农业面源污染控制技术,构建小流域农业面源污染控制系统与管理模式。In order to study the cause of pollution in the Bali River Basin,the period of pollution concentration and the heavily polluted areas,7 river monitoring sections and 33 groundwater monitoring sites were set up to continually monitor the COD,ammonia nitrogen and TP of surface water,and ammonia nitrogen,nitrate and nitrite of groundwater for one year.The temporal and spatial trends of the water quality in the Bali River Basin were analyzed,and corresponding pollution control measures were proposed.The results show that the all contaminant indexes rises rapidly from October to December due to the pollution of starch processing.COD will gradually decrease to normal value after April of next year,however ammonia nitrogen and TP will be difficult to meet the standards.Surface water pollution is the most serious in Liugou,followed by Wuli Lake Gully and the third Lake Gully.Starch wastewater also leaches into shallow groundwater resulting in ammonia nitrogen pollution of groundwater,which initially concentrates in the southwest of the basin and then gradually spreads to the entire basin.In view of the local serious pollution problem of sweet potato starch processing wastewater,it is suggested to promote low-pollution starch processing production technology,develop a set of standardized agricultural non-point source pollution control technologies suitable for the Bali River Basin,and construct a control and management model of agricultural non-point source pollution system in small watershed.

关 键 词：水质监测 时空变化 污染分析 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]