24份茎用莴苣种质资源表型性状的遗传多样性分析  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of 24 Phenotypic Traits of Stem Lettuce Germplasm Resources

作　　者：王丽慧[1] 张广楠 孙雪梅[1] 田洁 杨世鹏[1] 李屹[1] 钟启文[1] Wang Lihui;Zhang Guangnan;Sun Xuemei;Tian Jie;Yang Shipeng;Li Yi;Zhong Qiwen(Qinghai Vegetable Genetics and Physiology Laboratory,Academy of Agriculture and Forestry,Qinghai University,Xining,810016)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海省蔬菜遗传与生理重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2020年第19期6530-6538,共9页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：青海省科技厅科技合作专项(2018-HZ-808);重点研发计划的成果转化专项(2019-NK-116)共同资助。

摘　　要：种质资源遗传多样性研究是作物育种的重要基础。本研究对收集的24份茎用莴苣种质资源材料进行遗传多样性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。结果表明:不同材料之间的不同性状表现出不同程度的多样性。质量性状的遗传多样性指数(H')的变化范围在0.38~1.38之间,其中肉质茎肉色H'最高为1.38;数量性状的遗传多样性指标在0.84~1.60之间,变异系数在2.69~5.21之间,单株重和叶宽的遗传多样性指数分别为1.60和1.52;变异系数由大到小分别为:肉质茎长>单株重>茎叶数>株高>叶宽>肉质茎粗>叶长>株幅;提取到的6个主成分特征值都在1.0以上,这6个主成分的累计贡献率达到了84.677%;通过聚类分析将供试材料划分为4个类群,第Ⅰ类群共有13份资源,产量性状居于中间水平,其他3个类群资源数量较少。总体来讲,茎用莴苣资源的表型性状的变异程度和遗传多样性指数较高,具有丰富的变异程度和多样性。本研究对24份茎用莴苣种质资源表型性状进行遗传多样性分析,为茎用莴苣优良品种选育提供理论依据。The genetic diversity of germplasm resources is an important basis for breeding.In this study,24 stem lettuce germplasm materials were collected for genetic diversity analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.The results showed that different characters of different materials showed different degrees of diversity.The genetic diversity index(H’)of quality traits ranged from 0.38 to 1.38,with the highest of fleshy stem color H’being 1.38;The genetic diversity index of quantitative traits ranged from 0.84 to 1.60,and the coefficient of variation was 2.69 to 5.21.The genetic diversity index of single plant weight and leaf width were 1.60 and 1.52.The coefficient of variation ranged from large to small was as follows:fleshy stem length>plant weight>yield per mu>stem and leaf number>plant height>leaf width>fleshy stem diameter>eaf length>plant width.The six principal component characteristic values extracted were all above 1.0,and the cumulative contribution rate of the six principal components reached 84.677%.The tested materials were divided into four groups by cluster analysis,the first group had a total of 13,among the three resources,yield traits were in the middle level,while the other threegroups had fewer resources.Generally speaking,the variation degree and genetic diversity index of phenotypic traits of stem lettuce resources are relatively high,with rich variation degree and diversity.In this study,the genetic diversity of 24 stem lettuce germplasm resources was analyzed,which could provide a theoretical foundation for the breeding of good stem lettuce varieties.

关 键 词：茎用莴苣(Lactuca sativa L.) 种质资源 遗传多样性 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S636.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]