南水北调中线工程封冻期闸门群开度控制器改进设计  

Improved design of opening controller of gate group during freezing period for the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project

作　　者：刘孟凯[1] 关惠 郭辉[2] 毕胜[2] Liu Mengkai;Guan Hui;Guo Hui;Bi Sheng(Evergrande School of Management,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430081,China;Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学恒大管理学院,武汉430081 [2]长江科学院,武汉430010

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2020年第17期90-97,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0401810);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51779196;51309015)。

摘　　要：大型串联渠系封冻期容易产生较大的水力波动,增大了冰塞形成风险,如何通过闸门群联合调度减小水力波动,能够在一定程度上抑制封冻期冰塞发生。该研究通过设计PI(Proportional Integral)控制器和OF(Optimization Feedback)控制器2个控制环节,以最小水位偏差为目标函数,考虑渠池间流量约束、闸门开度约束和闸门调整速率约束,结合遗传算法,建立封冻期渠系闸门群优化调度模拟模型,并以南水北调中线古运河节制闸至北拒马河节制闸之间的渠系为背景,进行模型效果分析与参数敏感性分析。模拟结果表明,在模拟工况下,控制器中加入OF控制器较仅用PI控制器显著降低最大水位偏差,其中下游最大水位偏差减小约36%,且系统恢复稳定时刻提前近2.9 h,所建模型对抑制封冻期水力响应过大有一定的效果;减小了各闸门的最大开度,其中渠池11闸门最大开度减小近20%,但对于部分渠池增大了单次闸门开度调整幅度;遗传算法求解过程对扰动流量取值范围设定不宜过大。Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project was constructed into a large-scale series canal system in a centralized automatic control mode for an operation management.There are the striking characteristics of long water transmission lines,and large scale of water transfer.Specifically,the height difference is 100 m from Danjiangkou Reservoir to Beijing.The water distribution can be achieved by adjusting the control gate using artesian water delivery,without any online regulation reservoir along the canal line.Therefore,a highly accurate adjustment is necessary for the flow regulation and control of the gate group during the operation and scheduling process,in order to realize the safe timely water delivery in an appropriate way.Many difficulties have arisen on the hydraulic control and dispatch of the main canal,due to numerous buildings along the main canal,while,the variations in water demand of each water diversion gate.Furthermore,a large hysteresis of hydraulic response usually occurred,due to the limitation from the propagation speed of the water wave.Accordingly,the change in the flow of any water diversion or control gate along the canal line can cause water level fluctuations within a certain channel range,showing a strong coupling effect.As such,the risk of ice jam can increase significantly,because of large hydraulic fluctuations during the freezing period,particularly on large-scale series canal systems.How to reduce hydraulic fluctuations through joint dispatching of gate groups can efficiently restrain the occurrence of ice jams during the freezing period in this case.In this study,taking the minimum deviation of water level as the objective function,an adjustment system was designed,including two control links,a conventional PI controller,and an optimization controller,while,combining with a genetic algorithm,a simulation model for the optimal dispatching of the sluice gate group was established suitable for the frozen period of the canal,considering the flow restriction between the c

关 键 词：遗传算法 仿真 封冻期 闸门群 控制器 运行安全 

分 类 号：TV91[水利工程—水利水电工程]