云杉林和红桦林土壤真菌群落的多样性及其与环境因子的相关性  

Diversity of Fungal Communities in Picea asperata and Betula albosinensis Forest Soil and Its Correlation with Environmental Factors

作　　者：杜璨 杜璇 范学科[1] 郑爱泉[1] DU Can;DU Xuan;FAN Xueke;ZHENG Aiquan(Department of Biological Engineering,Yangling Vocational&Technical College,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100;Department of Hydraulic Engineering,Yangling Vocational&Technical College,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]杨凌职业技术学院生物工程分院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]杨凌职业技术学院水利工程分院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2020年第9期74-80,共7页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：杨凌职业技术学院2019年自然科学研究基金项目“木醋液对于新型液体水溶肥料的防腐作”(A2019048);国家林业公益性行业科研专项项目“秦岭山地主要森林类型林地土壤碳管理技术研究”(201304307)。

摘　　要：为森林土壤生态系统恢复提供理论参考,以秦岭辛家山云杉和红桦2种天然次生林土壤作为研究对象,采用ITS序列的Illumina Miseq高通量测序技术探讨2种林分0~10cm、10~20cm、20~40cm和40~60cm 4个土层真菌群落多样性及其与环境因子的相关性。结果表明:云杉林和红桦林土壤的Chao1指数和Shannon指数均在0~10cm处达最大值,土层间差异显著;2种林分土壤均以担子菌门(Basidiomycota)和子囊菌门(Ascomycota)为优势菌门,且担子菌门的相对丰度均最高,2门真菌的相对丰度均随着土层深度的增加而减少;云杉林和红桦林土壤的优势菌属分别为蜡伞属(Hygrophorus)和丝盖伞属(Inocybe),相对丰度分别为51.84%~60.44%和73.97%~89.03%,均随着土层深度的增加而减少;土壤pH、全氮、有机碳、可溶性有机碳、易氧化有机碳和微生物生物量碳含量是影响土壤剖面真菌群落组成的环境因子,土壤微生物生物量碳含量、pH和氮含量,影响秦岭土壤真菌剖面分布的主要土壤因素。To provide a theoretical reference for the restoration of the forest soil ecosystem,the fungal community diversity and the correlation with environmental factors were investigated at four soil depths(0-10 cm,10-20 cm,20-40 cm,40-60 cm)in Picea asperata and Betula albosinensis forests in Qinling Xinjiashan by Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing based on ITS.Results:In P.asperatea and B.albosinensis forest,Chao1 and Shannon indexes reached the highest in 0-10 cm,and varied significantly among different soil layers.At the phylum level,Basidiomycota and Ascomycota were dominant fungal communities throughout the soil profile,and the former one was of the greatest relative abundance.The relative abundance of Basidiomycota and Ascomycota decreased with soil depth.At the genus level,Hygrophorus and Inocybe were the most dominant fungi.The relative abundance of Hygrophorus and Inocybe were respectively 51.84%-60.44%and 73.97%-89.03%,and both of them decreased with soil depth.Soil pH,total nitrogen,organic carbon,soluble organic carbon,easily oxidized organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon were the environmental factors influencing fungi communities in soil profile.Microbial biomass carbon,pH and total nitrogen were the primary factors influencing fungal profile distribution of soil in Qinling.

关 键 词：云杉林 红桦林 真菌群落 生物多样性 Illumina Miseq高通量测序 森林土壤生态系统 微生物生物量碳 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学] X714.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]