基于长期护理保险服务的居家照护员工作体验探究  

A qualitative research on the working experience of home caregivers based on long-term care insurance service

作　　者：吴燕铭 孙锐 李惠玲 王玉宇[2] 孟红燕[1] 路忠 Wu Yanming;Sun Rui;Li Huiling;Wang Yuyu;Meng Hongyan;Lu Zhong(Nursing College of Soochow University Health Science Center,215006,China;Nursing Department of the First Affiliated Hospital,Soochow University,215006,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学医学部护理学院,215006 [2]苏州大学附属第一医院护理部,215006 [3]苏州市姑苏区居家乐养老服务中心,215006

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2020年第29期2246-2250,共5页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

基　　金：苏州市科协软科学研究课题(2019A02);苏州市科技局民生科技医疗卫生应用基础研究(SYS201742)。

摘　　要：目的在苏州市推出和试点实施长期护理保险服务并对失能老人提供居家照护的基础上,探究居家照护员在照护情境中的工作体验,了解其困难与问题,探讨其真实感受并分析成因,寻找规律和总结经验,为居家照护员队伍的建设和相关部门制定有关政策提供参考和借鉴。方法采用质性研究的方法,通过观察法及半结构访谈法收集9名居家照护员在照护情境中的现场体验资料,并采用Colaizzi现象学分析法对资料进行处理和分析。结果工作负担沉重,激励机制缺乏。照护体验多元化,有成就感和快乐感,但缺乏家属信任和认同。专业培训的需求迫切,期待同伴支持。结论优化居家照护员工作环境,减轻照护负担。提高居家照护员从业待遇,积极完善相关激励机制。关注居家照护员的情感体验,帮助其适应照顾者角色。规范专业知识技能培训,提供风险评估工具,提高照护质量。Objective On the basis of introducing and piloting long-term care insurance services and providing home care for older adults with disabilities in Suzhou,this paper aims to explore the working experience of home caregivers in the caring environment,understand their difficulties and issues,explore their true feelings and the relevant causes,and to draw lessons from their experience,providing constructive suggestions for the establishment of caregivers as well as policy recommendations for the government.Methods The qualitative research method was used to collect the field experience data of 9 home caregivers in the caring environemnt through observation and semi-structured interview.Colaizzi phenomenological analysis was used to process and analyze the data.Result 1.Heavy workload and lack of incentive mechanism;2.Care experience is diverse,with a sense of achievement and happiness,but lack of family′s trust and identification;3.Professional trainings and peer support are needed.Conclusion 1.Improving the working environment of caregivers and reducing the burden of care;2.Improve the employment treatment of home care workers,and actively improve the relevant incentive mechanism;3.Paying attention to the emotional experience of caregivers and helping them adapt to their role;4.Standardize professional knowledge and skills training,provide risk assessment tools,and improve the quality of care.

关 键 词：长期护理 居家照护员 工作体验 定性研究 

分 类 号：F842.6[经济管理—保险] R47[医药卫生—护理学]