牦牛和藏羊肺表面活性物质磷脂的组成和含量  

Composition and contents of phospholipids in the pulmonary surfactant of yak and Tibetan sheep

作　　者：徐波 李永晓 安志芳 王志洁 李吉梅 高聪慧 魏莲 魏登邦 XU Bo;LI Yongxiao;AN Zhifang;WANG Zhijie;LI Jimei;GAO Conghui;WEI Lian;WEI Dengbang(College of ecological environment engineering,Qinghai University;State Key Laboratory of Sanjiangyuan ecology and plateau agriculture and animal husbandry jointly established by the Ministry of Qinghai)

机构地区：[1]青海大学生态环境工程学院 [2]省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《中国高原医学与生物学杂志》2020年第3期201-206,共6页Journal of Chinese High Altitude Medicine & Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31860606);第二次青藏高原科学考察研究计划项目(No.2019QZKK0501)。

摘　　要：目的探讨世居青藏高原典型大型哺乳动物牦牛和藏羊肺表面活性物质磷脂的组成和含量与抗缺氧机制。方法应用高效液相色谱法分析了牦牛和藏羊肺表面活性物质中磷脂的组成和含量,并与平原近缘物种进行了比较分析。结果牦牛和藏羊总磷脂的含量无显著性差异;两个物种PS中均含有亚油酰棕榈酰胆碱、二棕榈酰磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂酰甘油、磷脂酰丝氨酸和磷脂酰肌醇5种磷脂成分,但其相对含量表现出明显的物种差异:牦牛的PC百分含量显著高于藏羊,PSe、PG和PI百分含量显著低于藏羊。与平原近缘物种黄牛和绵羊比,牦牛和藏羊PS磷脂成分中PC和PSe百分含量明显为高。结论世居青藏高原的牦牛和藏羊的肺表面活性物质的磷脂组分的含量和比例发生了显著改变,这种磷脂含量的变化可能有利于增强肺泡气体交换功能。Objective To explore the composition and contents of phospholipids in the pulmonary of yak and Tibetan sheep and their hypoxia adaptation mechanisms.Methods The composition and contents of phospholipids in the pulmonary surfactant of yak and Tibetan sheep were analyzed by using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),and that were compared to that in the PS of their plain sibling species cow and sheep.Results The total contents of phospholipids in the PS of yak and Tibetan sheep showed no significance differences(P>0.05).There were five phospholipids in the PS of the two animals,including Linoleic palmitoylphosphatidyleholine(LPPC),dipalmitoylphosphatidyleholine(DPPC),phosphatidylglyerol(PG),phosphatidylinositol(PI)and phosphatidylserine(PSe),but the relative contents of these phospholipids were different.The relative content of phosphatidyleholine(PC)in the PS of yak was significantly higher than that in the PS of Tibetan sheep(P<0.01),while the contents of PSe,PG and PI were significantly lower than those in the PS of Tibetan sheep,respectively(P<0.01).Compared to the phospholipids in the PS of their plain sibling species cow and sheep,the relative contents of PC and PSe in the PS of yak and Tibetan sheep were significantly higher,respectively.Conclusions The contents and proportions of phospholipids in the PS of yak and Tibetan sheep were obviously different from that of their plain sibling species and this adaptive change of PS may improve their abilities for gas exchange in hypoxia environments.

关 键 词：牦牛 藏羊 肺表面活性物质 磷脂 低氧适应 

分 类 号：Q54[生物学—生物化学] Q503