2014-2018年广元市尘肺病新发病例分布特征  

Distribution Characteristics of New Pneumoconiosis Cases in Guangyuan City,2014-2018

作　　者：薛蓉[1] 赵顺顺[1] 昝雨吟 XUE Rong;ZHAO Shunshusn;ZAN Yuyin(The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Guangyuan,Guangyuan City 628000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]广元市疾病预防控制中心,四川广元628000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2020年第9期1131-1135,共5页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的分析2014-2018年广元市尘肺病的发病情况及分布特征,为进一步做好广元市尘肺病防治提供依据与技术支撑。方法通过"职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统"网上直报系统,收集2014-2018年广元市尘肺病网络报告数据,对近5年尘肺病新发病例的基本情况、地区分布、行业分布等进行分析。结果 2014-2018年广元市共报告尘肺病病例1 442例,其中新发病例1 226例(85.02%)。近5年尘肺病报告数略有降低趋势,新发病例主要以煤工尘肺和矽肺为主,分别为989例和229例;新发病例以男性病例为主,平均发病年龄为(59.9±12.9)岁,平均工龄为(16.3±11.1)年;行业分布以采矿业构成比最高(60.60%);新发病例的地区分布以利州区构成比最高,旺苍县和苍溪县次之;工种分布以纯采煤工、主掘进工、主采煤工、主掘进工、爆破工5个工种为主,占全部的82.06%。结论广元市新发尘肺病主要以煤工尘肺和矽肺为主,主要集中在采矿业中的煤炭开采和洗选业,应采取针对性措施加强尘肺病防治工作。Objective To analyze the characteristics of pneumoconiosis cases in Guangyuan city during2014-2018,and to provide a basis for pneumoconiosis prevention and control further.Methods The data of new pneumoconiosis cases were collected from national surveillance system of occupational disease in Guangyuan city during 2014-2018, and it was statistically analyzed on the basic situation,the industrial distribution and the regional distribution,ect.Results From 2014 to 2018,there 1 442 pneumoconiosis cases were reported in Guangyuan City, and a total of 1 226 new pneumoconiosis cases were screened out, which was accounted for 85.02%. In the recent five years, the reported data was slightly declined. The major type of pneumoconiosis was coalworker pneumoconiosis(989 cases) and silicosis(229 cases). The new cases were male predominantly,the mean age of onset was(59.9±12.9) years old,and the average time of dust exposure was(16.3 ± 11.1) years. For the industrial distribution, the incidence of pneumoconiosis was mainly existed in mining industry, it was accounted for 60.60%. For the regional distribution, the incidence level of pneumoconiosis in Lizhou prefecture was the highgest,the followed by Wangcang county and Cangxi county. It was mainly distributed in five types of workers they were pure coal-miner, primary driller, primary coal-miner, pure driller, blaster, totally it was accounted for 82.06%. Conclusion Occupational pneumoconiosis in Guangyuan city is mainly composed of the coalworker pneumoconiosis and silicosis, which are concentrated on coal mining and washing of mining industry. Some targeting measures should be taken to improve the situation, so that to prevent and control the pneumoconiosis.

关 键 词：尘肺病 新病例 分布特征 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R181.2[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]