南极生态环境及管理现状研究  

Study on status and management of Antarctic ecological environment

作　　者：高云泽 李瑞婧[2] 金帅辰 高会[2] 侯超 曹胜凯 那广水[2] GAO Yun-ze;LI Rui-jing;JIN Shuai-chen;GAO Hui;HOU Chao;CAO Sheng-kai;NA Guang-shui(College of Marine Ecology and Environment,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院,上海201306 [2]国家海洋环境监测中心,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2020年第5期753-758,共6页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41976222,41406088,21377032);环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室开放基金(KF2018-05);全球变化与海洋大气化学重点实验室开放基金(GCMAC1812);国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0901104)。

摘　　要：南极作为世界上最后一块"净土",其丰富的自然资源和内在的科研、美学等价值受到了越来越多国家的关注。在全球变暖与人类活动(科学考察、商业捕捞、旅游等)因素的影响下,南极出现了海冰面积区域性增减,南极生物物种数量波动,环境污染加重等问题。而现有的以"南极条约体系"为基础的管理政策因理念抽象等问题尚不能完全规范人类活动,南极生态环境保护的形势日益严峻。国际社会应通过跨学科间的国际协作,加强科学研究与管理之间的联系,完善南极生态环境管理政策,最大限度减少人类对南极生态环境的破坏。As the last "pure land" in the world, the Antarctic attracts many countries’ interest because of rich natural resources as well as inherent scientific and aesthetic values. Under the influence of factors such as global warming and human activities(scientific research, commercial fishing, tourism, etc.), the Antarctic ecological environment problems such as regional increase/decrease of Antarctic sea ice area;fluctuation of Antarctic species;and aggravating of environment pollutants detected are emerging.However, the current management policies based on the "Antarctic Treaty System" cannot fully regulate human activities due to issues such as abstraction of ideas. The environmental protection in Antarctic is becoming increasingly severe. International community should develop interdisciplinary international collaboration, strengthen the link between scientific research and management and improve management policies of Antarctic ecological environment so as to minimize the destruction on the Antarctic ecological environment.

关 键 词：南极 全球变暖 人为活动 生态环境响应 管理 

分 类 号：X3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]