从MRC认知视野探索《果臝转语记》中的同源词  

Embodied-Cognitive Researches on the Cognates in Derivations of Guo Luo by Means of MRC Model

作　　者：王寅[1] 蔡琴 WANG Yin;CAI Qin

机构地区：[1]四川外国语大学外国语文研究中心,重庆400031 [2]成都市实验外国语学校,四川成都610500

出　　处：《外国语文》2020年第4期65-73,共9页Foreign Languages and Literature

摘　　要：《果臝转语记》为清代学者程瑶田所著,基于"音近义通"的原则系联出与"guǒluǒ"读音相关的332个同源词。他认为若事物的形态、性状相同或相似,命名时可采用相同或相似的读音,揭示了汉语造词、用词的基本规律。程氏在文首提出"声随形命,字依声立"的规律,充分说明语言不能用索绪尔的"任意第一原则"做出描写,当今认知语言学所论述的像似观与此不谋而合。前人对于该文的研究主要从词源学角度论述词族衍生的结果,鲜有理论上的概括和升华。本文尝试将认知语言学的隐转喻理论和词义学中词义扩展的辐射和连锁两种类型相结合,建构了MRC模型,并以此为理论框架详尽分析该文中的同源词,拟将基于"圆形"义衍生而出的同源词分为七大类12小类,解释它们在音和义之间的相互关联,揭示汉语同源词产生和发展的内在认知机制。Derivations of Guo Luo,by Chen Yaotian in Qing Dynasty,based on the principle of"like sound,like meaning",has got 332 cognates related to the pronunciation of"guǒluǒ",and he thinks that if the shape and feature of matter are identical and similar,the naming will also be identical and similar,thus revealing the rule for Chinese word-formation.At the beginning of this book,Chen proposes the regulation of"sound following shape,writing after sound",which fully demonstrates that language cannot be described by Saussurean First Principle of Arbitrariness.The View of Iconicity in Cognitive Linguistics at present coincides with this idea without pre-consultation.Ourpredecessors have mainly studied its derivative consequences from the viewpoint of etymology,but only with little theoretical generation and sublimation.The present paper is attempted to combine the Metaphor-Metonymy Theory in Cognitive Linguistics with the two types of expansion Radiation-Concatenaton in Lexical Semantics,thus establishing MRC Model as a theoretical framework for a more complete analysis of cognates.The author has tried to classify all cognates based on"round"into 7 classes and 12 sub-classes,and explained the interrelation between their pronunciation and meaning,so as to disclose the internal cognitive mechanism for production and development of Chinese cognates.

关 键 词：《果臝转语记》 同源词 隐转喻 辐射和连锁 MRC模型 

分 类 号：H042[语言文字—语言学]