60Co-γ辐射对紫薇种子萌发、幼苗生长和生理的影响  

Effect of Co-γirradiation on Lagerstroemia seed germination,seedling growth and physiology

作　　者：彭梦婕 刘丹[1] 牛贺雨 徐晴晴 王献[1] PENG Mengjie;LIU Dan;NIU Heyu;XU Qingqing;WANG Xian(College of Forestry,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学林学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2020年第4期530-537,共8页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：河南省科技攻关(农业领域)项目(152102110052)资助。

摘　　要：为了研究60Co-γ辐射对紫薇种子的诱变效应,明确60Co-γ射线对辐射种子苗期生理生化特性的影响,分别选用不同剂量(0、20、60、100、140和180 Gy)的60Co-γ射线辐射‘红火箭’紫薇种子,对辐射后紫薇种子的萌发情况及其播种成苗后的高度变化进行观察记录,并对辐射种子成苗后叶片内的生理生化指标进行测定分析。结果表明,随60Co-γ辐射剂量的升高,种子的发芽势、发芽率和发芽指数呈先升高后降低的趋势,并在100 Gy时达到最大值,分别为84%、40%和10.71。种子的死亡率随辐射剂量的升高不断升高,在180Gy时达到最高值,为51.33%。将辐射后的种子播种成苗后,发现低剂量的60Co-γ射线在对紫薇苗的生长具有一定的促进的作用,当辐射剂量超过60 Gy时会抑制紫薇幼苗的生长。从生理生化指标来看,不同的辐射剂量对紫薇苗的叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性及可溶性蛋白含量影响显著,均随60Co-γ射线剂量的增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势,并均在辐射剂量为100 Gy时达到最大;当辐射剂量达到180 Gy时,所有生理生化指标较对照组相比显著下降(P<0.05)。综上可得,60Co-γ辐射对紫薇种子的最佳辐射量为100 Gy,能够有效促进紫薇种子萌发和幼苗生长;60Co-γ射线对紫薇的辐射半致死剂量是197 Gy。In order to study the mutagenic effect of 60Co-γradiation on Lagerstroemia seeds and the effect of 60Co-γradiation on the physiological and biochemical indexes of seedlings,we chose different doses(0,20,60,100,140 and 180 Gy)of 60Co-γradiation to irradiate’Red Rocket’Lagerstroemia seeds.We observed and recorded the germination rate of Lagerstroemia seeds and the height change after seeding,and we measured and analyzed the physiological and biochemical indexes of the seedlings’leaves.The results showed that the germination potential,germination rate and the germination index of the seeds increased firstly and then decreased along with the increase of radiation dose.When the radiation dose reached to 100 Gy,the germination potential(84%),the germination rate(40%)and the germination index of seed(10.71)achieved to the maximum.The mortality rate of seeds increased with the increase of radiation dose and it reached to the maximum(51.33%)at the dose of 180 Gy.After the irradiated seeds germinating into seedlings,we found that 60Co-γradiation at the low dose had a certain promoting effect on the growth of Lagerstroemia seedlings.However,60Co-γradiation at the dose of over 60 Gy inhibited the growth of Lagerstroemia seedlings.From the view of the physiological and biochemical indexes,different doses of radiation had significant effects on the chlorophyll content,antioxidant enzyme activity and soluble protein content in Lagerstroemia seedlings,which increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of 60Co-γradiation,and the decrease degree reached at the maximum with the radiation dose of 100 Gy.Nevertheless,compared with the control group,all physiological and biochemical indexes decreased significantly when the radiation dose reached to 180 Gy(P<0.05).In summary,the optimal amount of 60Co-γradiation to Lagerstroemia seeds is 100 Gy,which can effectively promote the seed germination and seedling growth of Lagerstroemia,and the half-lethal dose of 60Co-γradiation to Lagerstroemia is 197 Gy.

关 键 词：紫薇 育种 60Co-γ射线 辐射种子 生理生化指标 

分 类 号：S685.99[农业科学—观赏园艺] S722.35[农业科学—园艺学]