界首市泉河小流域农业面源污染调查与评价  

Investigation and evaluation of agricultural non-point source pollution in Quanhe small watershed of Jieshou city

作　　者：刘德勤 武升 黄瑜 陈坚 齐峰 姜家生 马友华[2] LIU Deqin;WU Sheng;HUANG Yu;CHEN Jian;QI Feng;JIANG Jiasheng;MAYouhua(School of Economics and Management,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036;Rural Energy Management Service Center of Jieshou City,Jieshou 230036;Graduate School of Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学经济管理学院,合肥230036 [2]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥230036 [3]界首市农村能源管理服务中心,界首236500 [4]安徽农业大学研究生院,合肥230036

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2020年第4期547-553,共7页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家发改委界首市农业突出环境治理项目(17352002);安徽省教育厅项目(SK2016A0309)共同资助。

摘　　要：为了解界首市泉河小流域农业面源污染现状和特征,制定相应的农业面源防控措施,对流域内农业面源污染情况进行了调查分析和评价。通过对该典型小流域内陶庙镇、王集镇、代桥镇、泉阳镇4个乡镇的11个行政村的农田污染源、养殖污染源及人居生活污染源进行实地走访,调查数据应用等标污染负荷法进行评价分析。结果表明,界首市泉河小流域内4个乡镇的农业面源污染排放源中,农田污染源的污染物总量和污染负荷率分别是17.44t和4.68%;养殖污染物排放总量和污染源负荷分别是99.31 t和26.63%;生活源污染物的排放量和污染负荷率最大,分别达到256.19 t和68.69%;在COD、TN、TP 3个主要评价因子中,污染负荷率最高的是COD,达80.22%,TN污染负荷率为9.22%,TP的污染负荷率为10.56%;养殖业污染和人居生活污染源是界首市泉河小流域农业面源污染的主要来源,也是该小流域农业面源污染防控的重点。在治理该小流域农业面源污染时,应大力发展绿色、生态、循环农业,严格控制畜禽养殖污染,加大农村人居环境整治,强化政府在农业面源污染治理中的统筹引导作用等。In order to understand the current situation and characteristics of agricultural non-point source pollution in Quanhe small watershed of Jieshou city,the situation of agricultural non-point source pollution in the watershed was investigated and the corresponding measures for prevention and control of agricultural non-point source pollution were formulated.The farmland pollution sources,aquaculture pollution sources and living pollution sources in 11 administrative villages in 4 towns as Taomiao town,Wangji town,Daiqiao town and Quanyang town in this typical small watershed were visited on the spot,and the investigation data were evaluated and analyzed by equal standard pollution load method.The results show that among the non-point source pollution emission sources in the four villages and towns in Quanhe small watershed of Jieshou city as below.The total amount of pollutants and pollution load rate of farmland pollution source is 17.44 t and 4.68%,respectively,and pollutant emission and the total pollution source load is 99.31 t and 26.63%,respectively.The emission and load rate of domestic source pollutants are the largest,reaching to 256.19 t and 68.69%,respectively.Among the three main evaluation factors of COD,TN and TP,the highest pollution load rate is COD,which reaches 80.22%,while TN and TP pollution load rate is 9.22%and 10.56%,respectively.Aquaculture pollution and human living pollution sources are the main source of agricultural non-point source pollution in Quanhe small watershed of Jieshou city,and they are also the key point of agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control in the small watershed.In controlling the agricultural non-point source pollution in this small watershed,we should vigorously develop green,ecological and circular agriculture,strictly control the pollution of livestock and poultry breeding,increase the improvement of the rural human settlements environment,and strengthen the overall guidance of the government in the control of agricultural non-point source pol

关 键 词：小流域 农业面源污染 评价 治理 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程]