深部煤柱留巷“卸-支-注”协同控制原理及实践  

Principle and experiment of “pressure relief-high strength support-injection” coordinated control in deep coal pillar roadway

作　　者：付玉凯[1,2,3] 张镇 王涛[1,2,3] FU Yukai;ZHANG Zhen;WANG Tao(Coal Mining&Designing Department,Tiandi Science&Technology Co Ltd,Beijing 100013,China;Coal Mining and Design Branch,China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Mining and Clean Utilization,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部,北京100013 [2]煤炭科学研究总院开采研究分院,北京100013 [3]煤炭资源高效开采与洁净利用国家重点实验室,北京100013

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2020年第5期881-889,共9页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：天地科技股份有限公司科技创新创业资金专项项目(2019-TD-QN004);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0804205);国家自然科学基金项目(51804159)。

摘　　要：针对深部煤柱留巷围岩控制难题,在分析煤柱留巷围岩破坏机制的基础上,建立煤柱留巷力学模型,分析支护力、采动应力、煤岩体力学属性与莫尔圆间的相互关系,提出深部煤柱留巷"卸-支-注"协同控制原理。通过对煤柱上方支承压力进行人工调控,降低支承压力峰值和转移应力峰值位置,使其远离煤柱留巷,降低煤柱留巷的采动应力;对破碎围岩进行强力支护,增加巷道围岩的支护力,提高煤柱留巷围岩自承载能力;对煤柱留巷破碎围岩进行注浆改性,提高煤柱留巷围岩内聚力和内摩擦角等力学参数,有效改善煤岩体力学属性,使煤岩体由极限平衡状态过渡至弹性安全状态。通过协调"卸压-支护-注浆"三者的时空关系,使留巷结构体形成合理的能量耗散机制,使留巷结构体由不稳定状态转变为稳定状态。现场应用结果表明:采用"卸压-支护-注浆"协同控制技术后,煤岩体强度提高34.45%,锚索受力降低50%以上,煤柱留巷两帮移近量降低40.79%,顶底板移近量降低69.80%。"卸压-支护-注浆"协同控制技术有效改善了煤柱留巷的围岩力学属性和应力状态,实现了对王坡矿深部煤柱留巷围岩稳定的有效控制。In view of difficult surrounding rock control in deep coal pillar roadway,based on the analysis of its failure mechanism,the mechanical model of coal pillar roadway has been established,the relationship among support force,mining stress,mechanical properties of coal and rock mass and Mohr circle has been analyzed,and then the "pressure relief-support-injection" coordinated control principle of deep coal pillar retaining roadway has been proposed. In the first step of "pressure relief",the supporting pressure above the coal pillar is manually adjusted and controlled to reduce the peak position of supporting pressure and transfer stress,to keep it far away from the coal pillar roadway and reduce the mining stress of the coal pillar roadway. In the second step of "support",strong support is provided for the broken surrounding rock to increase the supporting capacity of the surrounding rock in the roadway,and improve the self bearing capacity of the surrounding rock in the coal pillar roadway. In the third step of "injection",the properties of broken surrounding rock in the coal pillar roadway are modified by grouting,so that the mechanical parameters such as cohesion and internal friction angle of surrounding rock of coal pillar roadway can be improved,and the mechanical properties of coal and rock mass can be effectively improved,and consequently the coal and rock mass transit from limit equilibrium state to elastic safety state. By coordinating the space-time relationship of "pressure relief-support-grouting",a reasonable energy dissipation mechanism is formed for the retaining structure,which can transform the structure of the roadway from an unstable state to a stable state. The field application shows that the strength of coal and rock mass increases by 34.45%,the stress of anchor cable reduces by more than 50%,the approach of two sides of coal pillar roadway reduces by about 40.79%,and the approach of roof and floor reduces by about 69.80%. The cooperative control technology of "pressure relief-support-groutin

关 键 词：深部 煤柱留巷 水力压裂 注浆加固 高强支护 

分 类 号：TD322.5[矿业工程—矿井建设]