N、P、K后移追肥对大豆产量和农艺性状的影响  

Effects of N、P、K Delayed-Application Fertilizers on Yield and Agronomic Traits of Soybean

作　　者：孟凡钢[1] 崔明元 闫晓艳[1] 姜海英[2] 赵婧[1] 刘海[2] 黄文[2] 王振萍[2] 邱强[1] 张伟[1] MENG Fangang;CUI Mingyuan;YAN Xiaoyan;JIANG Haiying;ZHAO Jing;LIU Hail HUANG Wen;WANG Zhenping;QIU Qiang;ZHANG Wei(Soybean Research Institute,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Research Center of Soybean,Changchun 130033;Tonghua Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tonghua 135007,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院大豆研究所/国家大豆工程技术研究中心吉林分中心,长春130033 [2]吉林省通化市农业科学研究院,吉林海龙135007

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2020年第4期1-4,共4页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201000);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-04-PS12);吉林省科技厅重点科技成果转化项目(20150307026NY);吉林省大豆产业技术体系(0413301)。

摘　　要：试验于2015~2016年在通化市农业科学研究院试验田进行,在总肥量固定的情况下,N、P、K肥料分别后移追肥,以通农943为试验材料,设置5个后移追肥梯度,研究不同量N、P、K的后移对大豆农艺性状和产量的影响,旨在探讨肥料后移对大豆生产的影响。结果表明:N肥后移对产量影响最大,后移30%追肥产量达到最高值,两年分别增产8.1%和11.6%,但后移肥量超过45%以上产量显著下降;P肥后移30%以内产量差异不显著,超过45%后产量显著下降;K肥后移对产量影响不显著。农艺性状方面,N肥后移30%显著促进了株高、主茎节数、单株荚数、单株产量的增加;P肥后移30%显著促进了株高的增加;K肥的后移追肥对农艺性状影响不显著。Under the condition that the total amount of fertilizer was fixed,two years(2015~2016)trial that single fertilizer of N、P and K were moved back for additional fertilizer was in the experimental field of the academy of agricultural sciences in Tonghua city.Tongnong 943 was used as experimental material to study the effects of different amounts of N,P and K on agronomic characters and yield of soybean,and the effects of different amounts of N,P and K on soybean production were studied.The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer topdressing when moved back has a biggest impact on soybean yield.When the nitrogen fertilizer moved back 30%,the production is at its highest level,and the yield increased by 8.1%and 11.6%,respectively in two years.However,when the amount of fertilizer was more than 45%,the yield decreased obviously.The yield difference was not significant within 30%after phosphate fertilizer was shifted back,and the yield decreased significantly after more than 45%.The effect of potash fertilizer on yield was not significant.In terms of agronomic traits,nitrogen fertilizer decreased by 30%,which significantly promoted the increase of plant height,nodes on main stem,number of pods per plant and yield per plant.Phosphate fertilizer moved back by 30%,will significantly promoted the increase of plant height.The backward topdressing of potassium fertilizer had no significant effect on agronomic traits.

关 键 词：肥料 后移 追肥 产量 农艺性状 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]