增氧浸种条件下寒地稻种萌发耗氧规律试验研究  

Experimental Study on the Law of Oxygen Consumption of Rice Seed Germination in Cold Region under Aerated Oxygen Soaking Conditions

作　　者：刘少东[1] 汪春[2,3] 衣淑娟 LIU Shaodong;WANG Chun;YI Shujuan(College of Civil Engineering and Water Conservancy,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319;College of Engineering,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319;South Subtropical Crops search Institute,CAT AS,Zhanjiang 524091,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学土木水利学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [3]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所,广东湛江524091

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2020年第4期27-32,共6页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAD06B01);黑龙江省农垦总局推广示范项目(2019HKQNJTG0017);黑龙江八一农垦大学农业机械化工程重点实验室开放课题(2017-2018);黑龙江八一农垦大学校内培育课题资助计划(XZR2015-04);黑龙江八一农垦大学“三纵三横”项目(TDJH201803)。

摘　　要：浸种是寒地水稻生产的重要环节,通过人工措施为稻种提供适宜的水分、温度和氧气环境可促进种子萌发,其效果关系到秧苗质量和水稻产量。微孔曝气增氧是实现气—液两相氧传质的有效方法,为获得寒地水稻浸种期间氧气环境对种子萌发的影响及种子需氧规律,对寒地水稻品种东农426在浸种期间进行不同频次的微气泡增氧试验,测取其浸种水的氧气消耗规律并对比种子发芽率。试验结果表明:微气泡增氧浸种可显著提高种子发芽率,发芽率随增氧频次增加而提高。从氧气消耗总体规律来看,在浸种0~12 h种子不消耗氧气,12~25 h耗氧速度较慢,至25 h溶解氧消耗速度开始加快,此后耗氧速度随浸种时长呈加速态势,浸种完成时耗氧速度达到最高。不同增氧频次在1~6 d溶解氧消耗速度一致,7~9 d溶解氧消耗速度随频次加快。此外,对比分析浸种水氧气消耗规律与清水溶氧量变动规律,曝气增氧会产生超饱和溶解氧,但在浸种过程中可不予考虑。Soaking seeds plays an important role in rice production in cold regions.Providing suitable water,temper-ature and oxygen environment for rice seeds through artificial measures can promote seed germination.Its effect isrelated to seedling quality and rice yield.Microporous aeration is an effective method to realize gas-liquid two-phase oxygen mass transfer.In order to obtain the effect of oxygen environment on seed germination and the law ofseed oxygen demand during rice seed soaking in cold region,the experiment of microbubble aeration with differentfrequencies was carried out on rice variety Dongnong 426 in cold region during seed soaking,and the law of oxygenconsumption in seed soaking water was measured and the seed germination rate was compared.The results showedthat seed germination rate was significantly increased by microbubble aeration soaking,and the germination rate in-creased with the increase of aeration frequency.According to the general law of oxygen consumption,seeds do notconsume oxygen in 0~12 h of seed soaking,but slow in 12~25 h,dissolved oxygen consumption begins to accelerateat 25 h.After that,the oxygen consumption rate accelerated with the soaking time,and reaches the highest at thecompletion of seed soaking.Dissolved oxygen consumption rate was the same in 1~6 days with different increasingfrequency,and increased with frequency in 7~9 days.In addition,the law of oxygen consumption in soaking waterand the law of dissolved oxygen variation in clear water were compared and analyzed.The supersaturated dissolved oxygen could be produced by aeration,but it could not be considered in the process of seed soaking.

关 键 词：增氧 浸种 寒地水稻 萌发 氧气消耗 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]