甘肃民勤春季鸟类群落结构与多样性  

Investigation on Birds Community Structure and Diversity in Spring in Minqin,Gansu Province of China

作　　者：胡洁 宋景舒 江波 罗娟娟 宋森[1] HU Jie;SONG Jingshu;JIANG Bo;LUO Juanjuan;SONG Sen(School of Life Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学生命科学学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2020年第4期960-968,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

基　　金：生态环境部生物多样性调查、观测与评估。

摘　　要：2016—2018年4—5月,采用样线法和样点法对甘肃民勤样区春季鸟类群落结构和多样性进行了调查。共记录到鸟类102种,隶属于17目39科。其中留鸟22种,夏候鸟62种;国家Ⅰ级保护鸟类1种,国家Ⅱ级保护鸟类13种;中国脊椎动物红色名录等级中易危(VU)等级3种,近危(NT)等级7种。在动物地理区系成分上,古北界鸟类46种,占45.10%,广布种鸟类55种,占53.92%。繁殖鸟类的分布型最多的是古北型32种(占38.10%),其次是全北型13种(占15.48%)和广布型10种(占11.90%)。繁殖鸟类区系成分中既有森林-农田动物群成分,也有温带荒漠-半荒漠动物群成分,动物区系以蒙新区为主,兼有华北区的特点。调查结果表明,不同生境的鸟类群落结构在多样性指数和均匀度上均以河流湿地(59种,4.6278/0.8175)和湖泊湿地(71种,4.1174/0.7259)为最高,农田居民点(28种,1.4469/0.2639)和荒漠生境(21种,1.3319/0.2348)最低。建议加强对石羊河流域湿地生态系统的保护。In April and May from 2016 to 2018,we investigated the community structure and diversity of birds in Minqin County,Gansu Province using line transects and point transects.We recorded 102 species of birds representing 39 families and 17 orders,including 22 resident species and 62 species of summer visitors.Among these,one species is listed in the first category and 13 species in the second category of the Lists of Wildlife under Special State Protection in China.We recorded 3 vulnerable species and 7 near threatened species as listed in the Red List of China's Vertebrates.According to the animal geographical region in China,55 species(53.9%)are widespread,46 species(45.1%)are Palaearctic.Breeding birds were mainly Palaearctic(32 species,38.1%),northern latitude(13 species,15.5%)and widespread(10 species,11.9%).We recorded forest-farmland species and temperate desert-semi-desert species among reproductive bird fauna.The elements of Mongo-Xinjiang Region play important roles in this avifauna and have some intermediate characteristics of the North China Region.Bird diversity and evenness indices were greatest in river wetland(59 species,4.6278/0.8175)and lake wetland(71 species,4.1174/0.7259).Diversity and evenness were lowest in farmland(28 species,1.4469/0.2639)and desert(21 species,1.3319/0.2348).Our results showed that the protection of wetland ecosystems in the Shiyang River Basin should be strengthened.

关 键 词：连古城保护区 鸟类多样性 鸟类群落 鸟类区系 甘肃民勤 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]