亚洲象皮肤细菌感染两例  

Two Cases of Bacterial Infection in the Skin of Asian Elephants

作　　者：陈新生[1] 王艳君[1] 冯永其 CHEN Xinsheng;WANG Yanjun;FENG Yongqi(Shanghai Wild Animal Park,Shanghai,201399,China)

机构地区：[1]上海野生动物园,上海201399

出　　处：《野生动物学报》2020年第4期1025-1030,共6页CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE

摘　　要：金黄色葡萄球菌和化脓性链球菌均为革兰氏阳性球菌,广泛存在于空气、水、灰尘及人和动物的排泄物中,都是重要的人兽共患病病原菌,均可引起皮肤及皮下软组织局部感染或形成化脓灶,也都可通过血行感染引起败血症等全身感染,临床危害性同细菌致病性、毒力及耐药情况有关,动物临床上以奶牛乳房炎多见,关于野生动物皮肤感染的报道少见,笔者近期遇到圈养亚洲象典型皮肤感染2例,一例是烫伤样水泡肿,另一例是脸颊复发性脓包疮,为了提高治疗效果,减少耐药,明确致病菌,分别无菌抽取水泡液和浓汁,进行常规细菌分离培养和鉴定,分别分离出金黄色葡萄球菌和化脓性链球菌,经K-B纸片法选用相应高敏抗生素进行抗感染及其他相应措施治疗后,均获痊愈。本文记述了其临床表现和诊治全过程。Both Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes are gram-positive cocci,which are widely found in air,water,dust and other environments as well as human and animal skin and feces.Both are important zoonotic pathogens,which can cause local infection of skin and subcutaneous soft tissue or can fester,resulting in systemic infection such as sepsis through hematogenous infection.Clinical severity is related to bacterial pathogenicity and virulence.Dairy cow mastitis is more common in animal clinical practice but there have been rare reports of infections in wild animals.We recently encountered 2 typical cases of skin infection in Asian elephants(Elephas maximus).One case was a scalded blister,the other case was a recurrent abscess sore on the cheek.In order to determine the pathogenic bacteria,reduce resistance and improve the effect of treatment,we extracted blisters and infected tissues for regular bacteria cultivation and identification.We isolated Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.We treated the elephants with highly sensitive antibiotics according to results of K-B paper method and other appropriate measures,and the two elephants were cured.We report here the clinical manifestations,diagnosis and treatment methods.

关 键 词：亚洲象 皮肤感染 金黄色葡萄球菌 化脓性链球菌 

分 类 号：S858.9[农业科学—临床兽医学]