水稻自然变异群体淹水发芽相关特性鉴定  

Identification of characteristics related to submergence germination of rice natural variation population

作　　者：陈振挺 冯芳君[2,3] 严明 范佩清[2] 马孝松 吴金红[2] 梅捍卫[1,2,3] CHEN Zhenting;FENG Fangjun;YAN Ming;FAN Peiqing;MA Xiaosong;WU Jinhong;MEI Hanwei(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center,Shanghai 201106,China;Shanghai Research Station of Crop Gene Resource&Germplasm Enhancement,Chinese Ministry of Agriculture&Rural Affairs,Shanghai 201106,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]上海市农业生物基因中心,上海201106 [3]农业农村部作物基因资源与种质创制上海科学观测实验站,上海201106

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2020年第5期1-6,共6页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市农委科技兴农项目[沪农科攻字(2014)第7-1-4号];国家自然科学基金面上项目(31671672)。

摘　　要：首先,利用30份水稻品种资源,观测淹水萌发过程中胚芽鞘长度的动态变化,确定水稻淹水发芽相关性状的鉴定方法;然后,对一套250个品种的水稻自然变异群体,分别在淹水和正常条件下开展发芽试验,观测其发芽率和幼苗胚芽鞘长度。结果表明:大部分参试品种不具备淹水发芽成苗能力,胚芽鞘长度差值的变异系数达到28.5%,提示参试群体的淹水发芽能力存在较为丰富的遗传变异;粳稻品种的淹水发芽能力优于籼稻品种。模拟直播淹水试验表明,淹水发芽胚芽鞘长度与成苗率密切相关;筛选出‘隆化毛葫’‘丽江新团黑谷’‘高阳淀稻’‘黄皮糯’4个高成苗率的优异种质,可用作耐水直播水稻育种的亲本材料。Firstly,30 rice varieties were used to observe the dynamic change of coleoptile length in the process of submergence germination,and the identification method for determining the traits related to submergence germination of rice was determined;then,a set of 250 rice varieties of natural variation population were tested for germination under submergence and normal conditions,respectively,to observe the germination rate and coleoptile length of seedlings.The results showed that most of the tested varieties did not have the ability of submergence germination,and the variation coefficient of coleoptile length difference was 28.5%,indicating that there were abundant genetic variations in the submergence germination ability of the tested population;the submergence germination ability of Japonica rice was better than that of Indica rice.The simulated direct seeding submergence experiment showed that the coleoptile length was closely related to the seedling emergence rate.Four excellent germplasm accessions with high seedling emergence rates,‘Longhuamaohu’,‘Lijiangxintuanheigu’,‘Gaoyangdiandao’and‘Huangpinuo’were selected,which could be used as parental materials for wet direct seeding rice breeding.

关 键 词：水稻 淹水发芽 胚芽鞘 水直播 

分 类 号：S511.03[农业科学—作物学]