高温胁迫对美洲鲥消化酶活性的影响  

Effect of high temperature stress on activities of digestive enzymes in Alosa sapidissima

作　　者：杨明 蒋飞 施永海[1,2] 徐嘉波 刘永士[1,2] 邓平平 袁新程[1,2] YANG Ming;JIANG Fei;SHI Yonghai;XU Jiabo;LIU Yongshi;DENG Pingping;YUAN Xincheng(Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute,Shanghai 200433,China;Shanghai Fisheries Technical Extension Station,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市水产研究所,上海200433 [2]上海市水产技术推广站,上海200433

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第10期1-8,共8页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(沪农科攻字(2014)第7-1-9号);上海市科学技术委员会重点攻关项目(16391900400);上海长江口主要经济水生动物人工繁育工程技术研究中心项目(13DZ2251800);上海市农业领军人才项目(沪委农办2018-60号)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究高温胁迫对美洲鲥(Alosa sapidissima)消化酶活性的影响,为夏季高温季节美洲鲥的养殖生产管理提供依据。【方法】以美洲鲥1+龄亚成鱼(体长(21.80±1.21)cm、体质量(151.16±22.96)g)为研究对象,以24℃饲养为对照,将试验组美洲鲥1+龄亚成鱼分别置于28和30℃水温下饲养,在高温胁迫后0,48和96 h,分别测定胃、肠、肝和幽门盲囊等组织的胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶活性。【结果】与对照组相比,在28和30℃高温胁迫下,美洲鲥胃中胃蛋白酶活性至48 h显著下降(P<0.05),此时30℃试验组美洲鲥胃蛋白酶活性显著小于28℃试验组(P<0.05);30℃胁迫条件下,肝和肠中胃蛋白酶活性总体呈下降趋势,但与24℃对照差异不显著(P>0.05)。胁迫48 h后,28和30℃高温胁迫组美洲鲥胃中胰蛋白酶活性较对照显著下降(P<0.05),且30℃试验组显著小于28℃试验组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,30℃高温胁迫下肠中胰蛋白酶活性至48 h下降明显(P<0.05);30℃下胁迫96 h,幽门盲囊中胰蛋白酶活性显著小于24℃组(P<0.05)。28和30℃试验组美洲鲥肠中脂肪酶活性随胁迫时间的延长呈升高趋势;30℃试验组胃中脂肪酶活性随胁迫时间的延长始终呈升高趋势;28和30℃胁迫条件下,美洲鲥肝中脂肪酶活性随胁迫时间的延长逐渐降低,但均与对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05);美洲鲥胃中淀粉酶活性在胁迫96 h大于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);美洲鲥肠中淀粉酶活性在0~96 h均呈先降后升的变化趋势;而美洲鲥幽门盲囊组织中淀粉酶活性随胁迫温度升高呈下降趋势,但28℃试验组与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),30℃胁迫条件下幽门盲囊中淀粉酶活性至96 h显著下降(P<0.05)。【结论】高温胁迫对美洲鲥1+龄亚成鱼胃、肠、肝和幽门盲囊等组织中消化酶活性产生了不同程度的影响,在美洲鲥的养殖生产过程中应尽量避免高温。【Objective】The effects of high temperature stress on digestive enzyme activities of Alosa sapidissima were investigated to provide basis for culture production management of American shad in high temperature season.【Method】One-year-old A.sapidissima with body length of(21.80±1.21)cm and body weight of(151.16±22.96)g were exposed to three different temperatures of 24,28 and 30℃,respectively.The 24℃group was the control,while 28 and 30℃were experimental groups.The activities of pepsin,trypsin,lipase and amylase in different organs including stomach,intestine,liver and pyloric caecum in A.sapidissima were studied after experimental fishes were placed for 0,48 and 96 h.【Result】The pepsin activity in stomach decreased significantly at 28℃and 30℃after 48 h(P<0.05),and pepsin activity in 30℃experimental group was significantly lower than the 28℃group(P<0.05).The pepsin activities in liver and intestine at 30℃showed a decreasing trend,which was not significantly different from the control group(P>0.05).The trypsin activity in the stomach of groups 28 and 30℃decreased significantly 48 h after high temperature stress(P<0.05),and trypsin activity in 30℃group was significantly lower than that in 28℃group(P<0.05).The trypsin activity in intestine was significantly decreased at 30℃under stress after 48 h(P<0.05),while in pyloric caecum,the trypsin activity in 30℃condition was significantly lower than the control group under high temperature stress after 96 h(P<0.05).The lipase activity in intestine at 28 and 30℃increased with stress time,the lipase activity in stomach of the 30℃experimental group increased with stress time,while the lipase activity in liver decreased gradually with the stress time under 28 and 30℃,and there were no significant differences from the control groups.The amylase activity in stomach of A.sapidissima in 28℃and 30℃groups was lower than that of the control group at 0 and 48 h,and there was no significant difference among groups(P>0.05).The amylase activ

关 键 词：美洲鲥 高温胁迫 消化酶活性 

分 类 号：S965.219[农业科学—水产养殖]