肝胆胰外科恶性肿瘤手术患者术后下肢深静脉血栓形成危险因素分析与护理管理对策  

Analysis of risk factors of deep venous thrombosis of lower limb in patients with malignant tumor in hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery and its nursing management strategies

作　　者：吴兆琴[1] WU Zhao-qin

机构地区：[1]东南大学附属中大医院肝胆胰外科,南京市210009

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2020年第19期73-75,共3页Nursing Practice and Research

摘　　要：目的对肝胆胰外科恶性肿瘤行手术治疗术后并发下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)形成的危险因素进行分析,并提出护理对策。方法选取2018年1月至2019年6月于我院行肝胆胰外科手术治疗的恶性肿瘤患者228例为调查对象,其中有46例并发下肢DVT,为血栓组,其余182例未并发下肢DVT,为非血栓组。分析术后下肢DVT的危险因素,并制定预防性护理措施。结果血栓组年龄、吸烟、文化水平、高血压、高脂血症、术后卧床时间、血栓栓塞家族史、预防措施、D-二聚体(D-D)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、糖尿病指标值与非血栓组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。预防措施为其保护因素,年龄、D-D水平、吸烟、高血压、高脂血症、术后卧床时间≥48 h为其高危因素,护理人员应高度警惕。结论针对肝胆胰外科恶性肿瘤术后发生下肢DVT的高危因素,临床工作中应加强对高危人群的关注,减少危险因素的发生。Objective To analyze the risk factors of deep venous thrombosis(DVT)of lower limb after surgical treatment of malignant tumors in hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery,and propose nursing countermeasures.Methods We selected 228 cases of patients with malignant tumors who underwent hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery in our hospital from January 2018 to June 2019 as the survey subjects.There were 46 cases complicated DVT of lower limp,and they set as a thrombosis group,and the remaining 182 cases did not complicated DVT of lower limp,was set as the non-thrombotic group.We analyze the risk factors of postoperative DVT of lower limb to formulate preventive nursing measures.Results There were statistically significant differences in the age,smoking,education level,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,postoperative bed time,family history of thromboembolism,preventive measures,D-dimer(D-D),fibrinogen(FIB),index values of diabetes in the thrombosis group and the non-thrombosis group(P<0.05).The preventive measures were its protective factors,the age,level of D-D,smoking,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,and postoperative bed time≥48 h were its high-risk factors,and nursing staff should be highly vigilant.Conclusion In view of the high-risk factors of DVT of lower limb after hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery for malignant tumors,clinical work should pay more attention to high-risk groups to reduce the occurrence of risk factors.

关 键 词：肝胆胰外科 恶性肿瘤 下肢深静脉血栓 危险因素 护理对策 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]