政策工具视角下我国城市社区服务政策变迁分析  

Analysis of China′s Urban Community Service Policy Changes from the Perspective of Policy Tools: Based on 51 National Policy Texts

作　　者：万正艺 陈辉[2] 李文娟[3] WAN Zhengyi;CHEN Hui;LI Wenjuan

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学公共管理学院,江苏南京210023 [2]南京师范大学,江苏南京210023 [3]华中科技大学,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《城市发展研究》2020年第8期109-116,共8页Urban Development Studies

摘　　要：均衡完善的社区服务政策工具组合能有效激励、引导和规范城市社区服务治理,分析社区服务政策工具结构是理解、评估、优化城市社区服务治理的切入点。以51份国家城市社区服务政策文本为研究对象,采用内容分析法,从基本政策工具、社区服务系统两个维度剖析城市社区服务政策工具的演进特征。结果表明:城市社区服务政策整体上经历了倡导探索、产业推进、均衡发展三大阶段,对服务主体、服务内容、保障措施的考虑逐渐充分,供给型政策工具、环境型政策工具分别是前期和中后期主要依赖的政策工具。基于此,建议社区服务政策工具更多关注服务对象需求、服务方式完善并加强需求型政策工具的使用,推动城市社区服务人本化和社会化发展。A balanced and perfect combination of community service policy tools can effectively encourage,guide and standardize urban community service governance.Analyzing the structure of community service policy tools is the starting point to understand,evaluate and optimize the governance of urban community service.Taking 51 national urban community service policy texts as the research object,using content analysis method,this paper analyzes the evolution characteristics of urban community service policy instruments from two dimensions of basic policy instruments and community service system.The results show that the urban community service policy as a whole has gone through three stages:advocacy and exploration stage,industrial promotion stage,balanced development stage.The three stages gradually give full consideration to the service subject,service content and safeguard measures.The supply-oriented policy tools and environment-oriented policy tools are the main policy tools in the early stage and the middle-later periods respectively.Based on this,it is suggested that community service policy tools should pay more attention to the needs of service objects,improve service methods and strengthen the use of demand-based policy tools in the future,so as to promote the humanization and socialization of urban community service.

关 键 词：政策工具 社区服务政策工具 社区服务系统 社区服务治理 

分 类 号：D601[政治法律—政治学]