常规锌浸渣焙烧前后重金属形态及环境活性变化分析  

Variation of heavy metal speciation and environmental availability of conventional zinc leached residues before and after roasting

作　　者：朱军[1,2] 李姝 王斌 王正民[2] 赵律 陈毅鹏 ZHU Jun;LI Shu;WANG Bin;WANG Zhengmin;ZHAO LYU;CHEN Yipeng(School of Metallurgy Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an Shaanxi 710055;Shaanxi Hanzhong Zinc Industry Co.,Ltd.,Mianxian Shaanxi 725000)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]陕西省汉中锌业有限公司,陕西勉县725000

出　　处：《环境污染与防治》2020年第10期1269-1273,1304,共6页Environmental Pollution & Control

摘　　要：为明确常规湿法炼Zn工艺过程中锌浸渣焙烧前后的污染特性变化,借助扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射分析矿物相特征,并采用修正的欧洲共同体标准物质局(BCR)逐级提取法分析锌浸渣及锌窑渣中重金属的赋存形态,最后采用RAC风险评价准则评估锌浸渣及锌窑渣中重金属对环境的潜在危害性。结果表明:(1)锌浸渣中,Zn和Cd的易转移性最大、对环境的危害性较大,Pb对外界环境pH和氧化还原电位的变化最敏感。(2)锌窑渣中,Pb的易转移性最大、环境危害最大,Zn的潜在转移能力最强。(3)锌浸渣焙烧前后各重金属大多稳定存在于残渣态中。(4)常规锌浸渣焙烧后,除Pb外,各重金属污染风险降低。In order to find out the change of pollution characteristics of zinc leached residue before and after roasting in the process of zinc hydrometallurgy,the morphology and phase characteristics of zinc leached residues and zinc kiln slag were studied by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction.The chemical speciation of heavy metals in zinc leached residue and zinc kiln slag were analyzed by modified European Community Bureau of Standards(BCR)step-by-step extraction method,and finally risk assessment(RAC)were used to evaluate the potential environmental hazards of heavy metals in zinc leached residue and zinc kiln slag.The results showed:(1)in the zinc leached residue,Zn and Cd were the most easily transferred,which were harmful to the environment,and Pb was the most sensitive to the changes of pH and redox potential.(2)In the zinc kiln slag,Pb had the highest transferability and environmental hazard,and Zn had the strongest potential transfer ability.(3)Most of the heavy metals were stable in the residue state before and after roasting.(4)After the conventional zinc leached residue was roasted,the risk of heavy metal pollution was reduced except for Pb.

关 键 词：锌浸渣 锌窑渣 重金属形态 风险评价 

分 类 号：X758[环境科学与工程—环境工程]