通婚、基督教与寄宿学校——邓肯·坎贝尔·斯科特诗中的本土裔种族同化政策  

The Policies of Indigenous Assimilation in Duncan Campbell Scott’s Indian Poems

作　　者：张雯[1] Zhang Wen(School of Foreign Languages,Hangzhou Normal University,Hang Zhou,Zhejiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学外国语学院,浙江杭州311121

出　　处：《外国文学》2020年第5期40-50,共11页Foreign Literature

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“加拿大当代英语诗歌‘共同体想象’研究”(15BWW052);“杭州师范大学外国文学与话语传播研究中心”资助。

摘　　要：邓肯·坎贝尔·斯科特既是加拿大的著名联邦诗人,也是负责印第安事务的政府官员。斯科特在职期间所推行的本土裔同化政策的几个主要方针,都可以在他的印第安主题诗歌中找到对应的内容。首先,贯穿斯科特诗歌创作的"冲突融合"思想实际上隐含印第安事务部的同化政策倾向,而诗中的"混血儿"形象又与其倡导白人与本土裔居民通婚的主张相契合;其次,他在职期间所推行的基督教思想也通过"血""火"与"死亡"等意象渗透在他的诗歌作品中;最后,一些诗歌反映了本土裔的传统生活方式与狩猎技能阻碍了他们的"文明进程",进而暗示教育、尤其是寄宿学校制度的重要性。总体而言,斯科特的印第安诗歌作品是以文学的形式来佐证其种族同化政策的合理性。Duncan Campbell Scott was an established Canadian poet of the confederation alongside his role as a charging officer of the Department of Indian Affairs. The main Indigenous assimilation policies during his incumbency take root in his Indian poems. First, the theme of the "emergence of contradiction" that runs through his poetry is a rhetorical reflection of Canada’s policy of assimilation best reflected in the proposition of interracial marriage from his "half-breed" characters. Second, Christianity is woven into his Indian poems through the images of blood, fire, and death, in stark contrast to the pagan traditions of the "tragic savage." Third, some of the poems indicate that the traditional indigenous lifestyle, including activities like hunting, is an obstacle to "the process of civilization," thereby asserting the importance of education, especially the residential schools. Scott’s Indian poems can be seen as a literary version of his Indian policies.

关 键 词：邓肯·坎贝尔·斯科特 印第安诗歌 本土裔种族同化 

分 类 号：I711[文学—其他各国文学]