梁武帝《敕答臣下神灭论》与梁初佛教  

The History of Buddhism and Politics Behind a List of Early Liang Dynasty:Focusing on Emperor Liang Wu “Chida Chenxia Shenmielun(Reply to the Ministers on Shenmie Lun)”

作　　者：李猛 LI Meng

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中国古代文学研究中心

出　　处：《国学学刊》2020年第3期32-44,142,共14页Research in the Traditions of Chinese Culture

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目:南朝政治与文学研究(19CZW017)。

摘　　要：学界普遍接受《神灭论》有是否为问答体的两个版本,其依据为萧衍"应设宾主"之难。然此语实针对该论最后一段无佛言论,也可与曹思文"自为宾主"相印证,即并不存在这样两个版本。《梁书》、《弘明集》所载《神灭论》均为三十一条问答,虽有异文,仍属同源文本。天监六年闰十月至七年正月间,萧衍在某次"燕私"提及此论,曹思文、沈约等人遂撰文难之。论难往复不决,群臣仰咨,萧衍遂敕答以定论。在法云将敕答传示朝贵之前,萧衍至少已将其分赐慧约、徐勉等人。法云传示、诸朝贵回复,表面上是私人书信往还,但因所示为敕旨,法云部分充当宣敕者角色,故朝贵须慎重表态。从曹思文等人撰文难《神灭论》,到慧约、徐勉被赐敕答,再到法云将其传示诸朝贵、朝贵回信,萧衍的身影贯穿始终,实际上是这一系列事件背后的主导者。Academia generally accepts that there are two versions of Shenmielun(神灭论)— interlocutory and non-interlocutory,based on Xiao Yan’s statement"Guest and host should be set". However, this statement refers to the"No Buddha"theory in the last paragraph, and it can also be confirmed by Cao Siwen’s"Self-host". Therefore, there are no such two versions. The Shenmielun in Liang Shu(梁书) and Hong Ming Ji(弘明集) contains 31 questions and answers. Although questions and answers in Liang Shu and Hong Ming Ji are not consistent with each other, they derive from the same source. From Leap October in the sixth year of Tianjian to the first month of the seventh year, Xiao Yan mentioned this theory in a private banquet, then Cao Siwen, Shen Yue, and others wrote articles as a retort. The debate lasted a long time and remained undetermined and then Xiao Yan issued a rescript to conclude.Before Fayun passed the rescript to the court, Xiao Yan had already shown it to Huiyue, Xu Mian, and others. Fayun’s transmission and the replies of the ministers, the whole process seems to be personal correspondence. However, due to the nature of the rescript, Fayun was partly as a propagator, and ministers must be cautious to declare their opinions. In fact, from the retort of Cao Siwen, Shen Yue, and others, to Hui Yue and Xu Mian being given rescript, to Fayun showing the rescript to the ministers and the ministers’ reply, Xiao Yan led this series of events.

关 键 词：曹思文 萧衍 《敕答臣下神灭论》 法云 六十四朝贵 

分 类 号：K239.13[历史地理—历史学] B949.2[历史地理—中国史]