基于数字露头表征的岩溶缝洞组构特征  

Digital outcrop representation for karst fracture-cave reservoir

作　　者：杜赫 徐守余[1] 冯建伟[1] 任启强 王朝 徐珂 DU He;XU Shouyu;FENG Jianwei;REN Qiqiang;WANG Zhao;XU Ke(School of Geoscience in China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China;Qingdao Research Institute of Surveying and Mappin,Qingdao 266000,China;Tarim Oil Company,PetroChina,Korla 841000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266580 [2]青岛市勘查测绘研究院,山东青岛266000 [3]中国石油塔里木油田公司,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第5期1-9,共9页Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：中国科学院先导科技专项(XDA14010205);国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05014002-006);国家自然科学基金项目(41572124);山东省重点研发计划项目(2018GGX109003);中石油重大科技项目(ZD2019-183-006);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(17CX05010)。

摘　　要：受多期构造运动和流体活动事件的影响,新疆塔北奥陶系碳酸盐岩地层内发育大量形态复杂的缝洞体。通过对一间房地区的典型岩溶露头考察,针对岩溶缝洞“三无”特征(无固定形态、无固定边界、无固定体积),采用高精度摄像、无人机航拍、三维激光扫描等现代化测量手段,采集多源数据并建立一体化数字露头模型,结合构造形迹分析和地化测试结果,对一间房地区缝洞体的空间分布、充填结构及形成演化特征进行系统研究。结果表明一间房地区露头溶洞以厅堂和管道状形态为主,与各期裂缝相互穿插呈整体带状展布;溶洞的形成主要受加里东中晚期、海西早期地壳多次抬升运动及溶蚀作用的影响,晚期构造运动仅对其进行改造和影响;可溶性岩性组合、水动力条件、断裂系统控制缝洞体的形成,其中裂缝对溶洞后期的发育改造具有重要作用;基于数字露头、构造形迹和试验测试的缝洞组合综合分析方法,可为碳酸盐岩岩溶缝洞型储层的预测和油藏开发提供重要的研究思路和依据。In the Tabei area of Xinjiang Province,there are abundant karst caves and fractures on the Ordovician stratum which underwent multiple movements in the Caledonian,the Hercynian,and the Indosinian-Yanshanian.This collection of karst caves and fractures forms into three-dimensional karst fractures-cave spaces with complex structures and different shapes.In view of limited traditional field geological investigations,the characteristics of UAV tilt photography,such as high efficiency,good safety factor and high accuracy of data collection,are used to assist field investigation and extract outcrop information such as karst caves and fractures.Through geochemical test and analysis of fracture and cave fillings,characteristics of karst fracture and cave fillings,filling period and formation and evolution of fracture and cave units are identified.Using the three-dimensional outcrop characterization technology of tilt photography,a three-dimensional digital model is established to understand the development location and scale of karst caves and fractures,as well as the spatial combination structure of karst fracture-cave system,which plays an important role better understanding fracture-cave combination structure and development evolution.The research provides important basis and reference for accurate oil and gas exploration and development in the Tahe oilfield and other fractured-cave reservoirs.

关 键 词：岩溶缝洞 一间房地区 数字露头表征 倾斜摄影 碳酸盐岩储层 

分 类 号：P642.251[天文地球—工程地质学]