药源植物在草地贪夜蛾防控中的应用研究进展  

Progress in researches and applications of medicinal herbs for management of fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda

作　　者：葛阳 孙嘉惠 王铁霖[1] 石旺鹏 袁庆军[1] 郭兰萍[1] GE Yang;SUN Jiahui;WANG Tielin;SHI Wangpeng;YUAN Qingjun;GUO Lanping(State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;College of Plant Protection,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中药资源中心道地药材国家重点实验室培育基地,北京100700 [2]中国农业大学植物保护学院,北京100193

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2020年第4期706-718,共13页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(ZZXT202009);国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1703700,2017YFC1703704)。

摘　　要：草地贪夜蛾作为世界重大迁飞性害虫,自2019年侵入我国,已对我国的玉米、甘蔗等多种作物造成了较大经济损失。采用化学合成农药防治草地贪夜蛾的弊端已逐步显现,找到可以替代化学合成农药的手段十分必要,其中植物源药剂是重要的替代途径。目前,全世界已报道了80余种在草地贪夜蛾防控中具有应用前景的药源植物,以菊科植物资源最丰富,还有唇形科和豆科等植物;这些植物的提取物中包含对草地贪夜蛾具有控制作用的活性组分,主要包括萜类、类黄酮、生物碱、脂肪酸类等,其对草地贪夜蛾的作用方式主要包括胃毒、触杀、生长发育调节、拒食、抑制细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡等。药源植物提取物在对草地贪夜蛾的防控中具有持续防效明显、作用靶标多样、不易产生抗药性和环境友好等特点,开发应用前景广阔。Fall armyworm(FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda is a major migratory pest in the world. Since migrating to China in 2019, it has caused great economic losses to various crops, such as corn and sugarcane. The disadvantages of using chemical pesticides to control S. frugiperda have emerged. There is a need to develop approaches that can replace synthetic pesticides, and botanical insecticides are one of the most important alternative. At present, more than 80 species of medicinal plants have been evaluated and shown activity against FAW around the world. Among them, plant species with detected pesticide properties in family of Asteraceae is the most abundant, followed by Lamiaceae and Leguminosae. The insecticidal compounds identified from the extracts of the host plants mainly include terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, fatty acids, etc. The mode of action of these compounds on FAW comprise of ingested poisoning, contact poisoning, growth regulation, antifeeding, inhibition of cell proliferation, and induction of cell apoptosis, etc. Medicinal plant extracts have shown many advantages like environmentally friendly, sustainable control efficiency, diverse target sites in FAW, and difficult for FAW to develop resistance. Therefore, the botanical pesticide against FAW has broad development and application prospects.

关 键 词：草地贪夜蛾 药源植物 杀虫成分 作用方式 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]