善恶价值判断与和谐社会建构——维多利亚惊悚小说《奥德利夫人的秘密》文学伦理学批评  

Moral Judgement and Harmonious Society Construction:Literary Ethical Criticism of Victorian Sensation Novel Lady Audley’s Secret

作　　者：胡贝克[1,2] 李增 Hu Beike;Li Zeng(Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China;Department of English and Comparative Literature,UNC,Chapel Hill 27599,USA)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学外国语学院,吉林长春130021 [2]美国北卡罗来纳大学教堂山分校英语与比较文学系,北卡罗来纳教堂山NC27599

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第5期136-143,共8页Journal of Henan Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家留学基金委“赴美联合培养博士研究生”项目(CSC201906620089)。

摘　　要：惊悚小说《奥德利夫人的秘密》的伦理道德书写受到维多利亚时期学术界的猛烈抨击,一个世纪后学术界重新评价该小说,推翻了先前的定论,肯定了其文学伦理价值。这部小说以一个贫家女子海伦·马尔东僭越贵族阶层界线,试图通过隐藏身份和婚姻的途径来改变命运,但在私家侦探罗伯特·奥德利穷追不舍的调查下,其身份悬疑被侦破,最终被送进疯人院囚禁起来的惊悚故事,体现出亚里士多德摹仿论的悲剧机制、人道主义伦理学“趋利避害”的人的本性论和功利主义伦理学“以结果论善恶”的道德观。尽管该小说存在一定历史局限性,但其追求幸福的伦理道德书写仍在一定程度上揭示出伦理道德意义上的普遍性,因而对于建构和谐社会和人类命运共同体以及当代通俗小说的发展形成了以文史为鉴的学术意义和现实意义。The sensation novel Lady Audley’s Secret was severely attacked by the Victorian academic circle for its ethical and moral narrative,but the previous verdict has been subverted and its literary ethical value affirmed by the academic circle after a century.The novel tells a story that Helen Maldon,a lady of a poor family,arrogates the aristocratic status and tries to change her fate by hiding her identity and taking the way of marriage but the suspense of her identity is ascertained with the private detective Robert Audley’s consistent detection and investigation,and she is finally prisoned in an asylum,which expresses the tragic mechanism of Aristotle’s Imitation Theory,the ethic ideas of the human nature that promotes the favorable and avoids the unfavorable put forward by Humanitarian ethics and judging good and evil by the subsequence supported by Utilitarian ethics.Although there exist certain historical limitations in the novel,it still,in some extent,reveals the universality of ethical and moral significance with its narrative of seeking happiness,thus forming its academic and social significance with its literary and historical mirror effect for the construction of harmonious society and the destiny of mankind community as well as the development of contemporary popular fiction.

关 键 词：《奥德利夫人的秘密》 善恶判断 和谐社会 文学伦理学批评 

分 类 号：I106.4[文学—世界文学]