干旱胁迫对不同油茶品种叶片解剖结构的影响  

Effects of drought stress on leaf anatomical structure of different Camellia oleifera cultivars

作　　者：何小三 王玉娟[2,3] 徐林初[2] 龚春 俞元春[1] HE Xiaosan;WANG Yujuan;XU Linchu;GONG Chun;YU Yuanchun(College of Biology and Environment,Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,Jiangsu,China;Jiangxi Academy of Forestry,Nanchang 330032,Jiangxi,China;Key Laboratory of Germplasm Resources Protection and Utilization of Camellia oleifera in Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330032,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学生物与环境学院南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037 [2]江西省林业科学院,江西南昌330032 [3]江西省油茶种质资源保护与利用重点实验室,江西南昌330032

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2020年第10期1-17,共17页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划项目(20171ACH80017)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究干旱胁迫对不同油茶品种苗期叶片解剖结构的影响,为抗旱性油茶品种的筛选提供理论依据和技术支持。【方法】以2年生油茶扦插苗为研究对象,设置4个土壤水分梯度:充分供水处理,田间持水量的39%~73%(W1);轻度干旱胁迫处理,田间持水量的23%~37%(W2);中度干旱胁迫处理,田间持水量的17%~23%(W3);重度干旱胁迫处理,田间持水量的12%~17%(W4),通过盆栽控水试验,采取叶片电镜扫描法对4个油茶品种不同水分处理的叶片组织细胞结构进行观察,研究不同土壤含水量对同一油茶品种叶片解剖结构的影响,并对比研究相同水分梯度下不同油茶品种间叶片解剖结构等的差异。【结果】干旱胁迫对4个油茶品种的气孔均造成了不同程度的影响,中度和重度干旱胁迫下叶片厚度均显著降低,尤其是重度干旱胁迫下叶片气孔部分关闭并出现下陷,表皮细胞干瘪。干旱胁迫对4个油茶品种的叶片相对含水量均有显著影响,即随着干旱胁迫程度的加剧,叶片相对含水量均呈下降趋势;干旱胁迫下,‘无2’的叶片相对含水量均高于其他3个油茶品种。随着干旱胁迫程度的加剧,4个油茶品种叶片上表皮厚度、下表皮厚度、栅栏组织厚度和海绵组织厚度均呈减小趋势。相关性分析表明,4个油茶品种的叶片气孔开度、叶片气孔开张宽度均与土壤含水量呈显著正相关关系。重度干旱胁迫下,‘无2’的气孔密度、气孔开度、气孔开张率、叶片厚度、上下表皮厚度、栅栏组织厚度和海绵组织厚度均大于其他3个油茶品种。【结论】通过对各油茶品种叶片解剖特征和叶片相对含水量等进行比较,得出‘无2’在整体上表现出较强的抗旱性。【Objective】To study the effect of drought stress on the leaf anatomical structure of different Camellia oleifera cultivars at seedling stage,and provide theoretical basis and technical support for the selection of drought resistant Camellia oleifera cultivars.【Method】The cutting seedlings of two-year-old Camellia oleifera were studied,and four soil water gradients were set up:plenty water supply treatment(W1)with field water capacity of 39%-73%,light drought treatment(W2)with field water capacity of 23%-37%,medium drought treatment(W3)with field water capacity of 17%-23%,serious drought treatment(W4)with field water capacity of12%-17%.Through pot experiment of water control,the leaf structure of four oil tea cultivars under different water treatment was observed by scanning electron microscope,and the effect of different soil water content on the leaf anatomical structure of the same Camellia oleifera cultivars was studied and the difference of leaf anatomical structure among different cultivars of Camellia oleifera under the same water gradient was studied.【Result】The drought stress cause influence to the stomata of four Camellia oleifera sinensis strains,and the leaf thickness decrease significantly under moderate and severe stress,especially the stomata partially close and sag under severe stress,and the epidermal cells are dry.Drought stress has a significant effect on the relative water content of the leaf of four Camellia oleifera cultivars,that is,with the increasing of drought stress,the relative water content of the leaf show a downward trend.Under drought stress,the relative water content of leaf of‘Wu-2’are higher than that of the other three Camellia oleifera cultivars.With the increasing of drought stress,the thickness of the leaves,the thickness of the epidermis,the palisade tissue and the thickness of the sponge tissue of the four Camellia oleifera clones showing an decreasing trend.Correlation analysis show that the stomatal opening and stomatal opening width of the four Camellia o

关 键 词：油茶 干旱胁迫 叶片 解剖结构 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]