6种桉树人工林木材纤维特性及变异规律  

Study on the characteristics and variation of wood fiber in six Eucalyptus plantations

作　　者：陈桂丹[1] 郑佳琪 蒙芳慧 陈少雄 陈艳[1] 王建忠 CHEN Guidan;ZHENG Jiaqi;MENG Fanghui;CHEN Shaoxiong;CHEN Yan;WANG Jianzhong(Guangxi Forestry Research Institute,Guangxi Research Center of Cuctivation of wood Resources and Quality Engineering Technology,Nanning 530002,Guangxi,China;China Eucalyptus Research Centre,Zhanjiang 524022,Guangdong,China;Dongmen State Forestry Farm of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Fusui 532108,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院广西木材资源培育质量控制工程技术研究中心,广西南宁530002 [2]国家林业和草原局桉树研究开发中心,广东湛江524022 [3]广西壮族自治区国有东门林场,广西扶绥532108

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2020年第10期137-142,168,共7页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFD0600502)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过揭示不同树种桉树的木材纤维特性及其变异规律,为桉树的定向培育和木材合理加工利用提供参考依据。【方法】以广西国有东门林场6种桉树(细叶桉、赤桉、巨桉、尾叶桉、粗皮桉、大花序桉)为研究对象,借助数码显微图像电脑分析系统,对6种桉树木材的纤维长度、宽度、腔径和双壁厚四大纤维特性指标进行了测试,并分析其在径向和纵向上的变异规律和差异显著性。【结果】1)6种桉树在1.3 m树高处的纤维长度平均值在916~1 129μm之间,纤维宽度平均值在14.86~19.06μm之间,纤维腔径平均值在4.22~8.03μm之间,纤维双壁厚平均值在8.40~12.74μm之间;2)6种桉树自髓心向外,各木材纤维长度和纤维双壁厚先随树龄的增加而增大,之后趋于稳定;木材纤维宽度随着树龄的增加而略有增加;木材纤维腔径均随着树龄的增加而逐渐减少。6种桉树纤维长度、纤维宽度和纤维双壁厚随着树干高度增加总体变化幅度都不大,基本在一中心线上下波动;6种桉树木材纤维腔径均随着树高的增加总体呈减小趋势;3)经方差分析表明,6种桉树多数纤维特性指标随树龄的变化表现出极显著的差异性,少数纤维特性指标随树高的变化表现出极显著的差异性。【结论】6种桉树树种的纤维长度、宽度、腔径和双壁厚尺寸有所差异,但在同一纤维特性指标中,6个树种在径向或纵向上的变异规律基本一致,大花序桉的纤维长度、宽度和双壁厚均明显大于其它5个树种,相对具有更大的开展实木加工利用的潜在价值。【Objective】The aim of this study was to reveal the wood fiber characteristics of different eucalyptus species and their longitudinal and radial variation rules,so as to provide reference basis for cultivation of eucalyptus and reasonable processing and utilization of wood.【Method】The fiber length,width,cavity diameter and double-wall thickness of 6 eucalyptus species(Eucalyptus tereticornis,E.camaldulensis,E.grandis,E.urophylla,E.pellita,E.cloeziana)in Dongmen forestry farm of Guangxi were measured by optical microscope and image measurement and analysis software,and the variation rules and significant differences in radial and longitudinal directions were analyzed.【Result】1)The average fiber length,fiber width,fiber cavity diameter and fiber double wall thickness of 6 eucalyptus species at the height of 1.3 m tree are 916-1129μm,14.86-19.06μm,4.22-8.03μm and 8.40-12.74μm respectively.2)The fiber length and fiber double wall thickness of 6 species of eucalyptus from pith center to outside first increased with the increase of tree age,then tended to be stable.The width of wood fiber increases slightly with the increase of tree age.The cavity diameter of wood fiber decreases gradually with the increase of tree age.The fiber length,fiber width and fiber double wall thickness of six eucalyptus species have little overall variation with the increase of trunk height,and basically fluctuate on a central line.The fiber diameter of 6 eucalyptus species decreased with the increase of tree height.3)Variance analysis shows that most fiber characteristic indexes of 6 eucalyptus species show very significant differences with the changes of tree age,while a few fiber characteristic indexes show very significant differences with the changes of tree height.【Conclusion】The fiber length,width,cavity diameter and double wall thickness of 6 eucalyptus species are different,but the fiber characteristics of 6 eucalyptus species are basically consistent with the variation rule of tree age or tree height.The fiber len

关 键 词：桉树人工林 纤维特性 变异规律 

分 类 号：S781.2[农业科学—木材科学与技术]