天井的消逝与构架的演化--庐陵传统住宅特色研究  

The Passing of the Patio and the Evolution of the Frame:A Study on the Characteristics of Traditional Houses in Luling

作　　者：乔迅翔[1] Qiao Xunxiang

机构地区：[1]深圳大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《华中建筑》2020年第10期109-115,共7页Huazhong Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:51578334)。

摘　　要："天井"是我国南方汉地传统住宅的布局特色,而以吉安(古称庐陵)为中心的住宅则代之以"天眼""天门""天窗"。分析了天井式住宅的空间及构架特征,建构了不同规模住宅之间逻辑关联,认为庐陵传统特色住宅是以前后半天井为基本原型,按照天眼、天门和天窗的序列演化,最终形成构架简洁、地居楼居并重的新式住宅。本研究进一步发掘了庐陵地域建筑特征,揭示了天井式住宅的一种演化方向,为穿斗架变迁提供了研究案例。The traditional residential buildings in southern China are characterized by Tianjing(patio),while the traditional residential buildings centered on Ji’an(ancient Luling)are replaced by"Tianyan","Tianmen"and"Tianchuang".Based on the analysis of the spatial and structural features of Tianjing type and many other houses,the logical correlation between different houses is constructed.It is considered that the traditional characteristic residence of Luling is the basic prototype of house with a half-Tianjing in the front and half in the back,according to the sequence of Tianyan,Tianmen and Tianchuang,and finally formed a new residence with a concise frame and a floor dwelling.In this paper we further explore the regional architectural characteristics of Luling,and reveal an evolutionary direction of the Tianjing residence,so as to provide a case study for the change of column-and-tie construction.

关 键 词：天井式住宅 庐陵传统住宅 穿斗架 天眼 天门 天窗 

分 类 号：TU241.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]