政治传统与犹太解放话语——以美国马里兰州《犹太法案》为中心  

Discourse on Political Tradition and Jewish Liberation——Centered on the Jew Bill in Maryland

作　　者：赵建成 ZHAO Jian-cheng

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史学系,上海200241

出　　处：《江苏师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第4期59-67,123,共10页Journal of Jiangsu Normal University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“犹太通史”(项目编号:15ZDB060)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1826年,美国马里兰州众议院通过了民主共和党人托马斯·肯尼迪提出的《犹太法案》,废除议会宣誓,赋予犹太人选举权。该法案的生成具有重要历史意义:一方面,结束了绵延数十载有关犹太平等权的争论,在社会上形成了犹太解放话语;另一方面,是美国政治传统的延续,显示了美国民主制的自我完善,在法案生成过程中,民主共和党与联邦党人双方为了谋求政治优势,放弃宗教信仰偏见,积极笼络犹太富商。实质上,该法案彰显了当下自由主义与理性主义影响之下的美国社会现代转型倾向,同时,该法案提升犹太人的政治地位,显示了主流社会对犹太族群的认可,为当代美国犹太社团的发展奠定了基石。In 1826,the Maryland House of Representatives passed the Jewish Bill proposed by Democratic Republican Thomas Kennedy,which abolished the parliamentary oath and gave Jews the right to vote.The generation of the bill is of great historical significance.On the one hand,it has ended the decades-long debate on Jewish equal rights and formed the discourse on Jewish liberation;on the other hand,it is the continuation of the American political tradition,which shows the self-perfection of American democracy.In the process of the formation of the bill,the Democratic Republican Party and the Federalist Party,in order to seek political benefits,courted wealthy Jewish merchants actively and gave up their religious prejudice.In essence,it highlights the modern transformation tendency of American society under the influence of current liberalism and rationalism.At the same time,the bill enhances the political status of the Jews,shows the mainstream society’s recognition of the Jewish community,and lays the foundation for the development of contemporary American Jewish community.

关 键 词：《犹太法案》 政治传统 犹太解放运动 

分 类 号：K712.42[历史地理—历史学]