基于交通轨迹数据的三维动态噪声地图  

Three-dimensional Dynamic Noise Map based on Traffic Trajectory Data

作　　者：付乐宜 艾廷华[1] 黄丽娜[1] 信睿[1] FU Leyi;AI Tinghua;HUANG Li'na;XIN Rui(School of Resource and Environmental Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2020年第9期1789-1798,共10页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41531180);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0503500)。

摘　　要：噪声信息具有空间传播和随距离衰减变化的特征,采用三维动态可视化形式表达噪声地图可以体现该特征。本文针对噪声的空间分布与强度变化提出一种噪声地图表达的方法,基于Bertin符号参量分析,以具有高度可变的方柱并配以深浅变化的颜色作为噪声符号,动态传递噪声信息。为进行多尺度地图展示,在不同地图等级下设有相应细节层次的符号尺寸和定位排列方式。噪声地图以Web端Mapbox为展示平台,基于交通噪声模型和GPS轨迹数据,对上海黄浦区某区域一时间段内的噪声情况进行模拟表达,实现噪声数据的立体动态化显示。三维动态的表达扩展了噪声数据的表现维度,多维度、多参量的立体动态符号不仅可准确刻画噪声的分布,而且从视觉观感上提高了受众的兴趣度和专注度,这为研究噪声的热点分布、传递趋势等空间规律提供了可视化参考。The key characteristics of noise information are spatial propagation and distance attenuation.Traditional noise maps are dominated by two-dimensional and static representations,similar to the heat maps.The researches in the past were focused on the ways to get data or evaluating the accuracy of data,resulting that noise map visualization and noise symbols were less studied.The traditional drawing methods are usually used like color grading which makes noise maps have simple symbolic form such as flat color blocks corresponding to different values.It is difficult to show its spatial features.Thus,this paper proposed a new expression method of noise maps in three-dimensional dynamic visualization for the spatial distribution and intensity change of noise.Based on the Bertin symbol parameters,the new method integrates the characteristics of size,color in the visual variables,and the rate and order of change in the dynamic parameters,and it can convey noise information dynamically by using height-variable and color-changing square bars as noise symbols.Three-dimensional dynamic noise maps can present relevant information on different scales,and they contain corresponding symbol sizes and positioning arrangements in different map levels in order to show the multi-granularity of the maps.So as to represent the attenuation and addition of noise during propagation,gave some examples of a single-point sound source and multi-point sound sources with graphics and data,and multi-level information expression was briefly exemplified.In this paper,we simulated and expressed the road traffic noise in a certain period and area of Huangpu District,Shanghai.In addition,noise data was calculated from traffic noise models and the taxi GPS trajectory data.The specific noise map was deployed in Web browser,using the base map provided by Mapbox.As expected,the three-dimensional dynamic expression expands the performance dimension of noise data.Compared with the flat color symbols used in traditional two-dimensional noise maps,multi-para

关 键 词：轨迹线数据 道路交通噪声 噪声模型 噪声表达 噪声地图 动态地图 动态符号 三维噪声可视化 

分 类 号：U495[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]