近空间连续流区航天器残骸解体分离落点散布数值预测研究  

Study on Numerical Prediction of Falling Point Distribution for Near Space Spacecraft Debris in Continuous Flow Area

作　　者：李盾[1] 何跃龙[1] 刘帅[1] 喻海川 孟旭飞 李志辉[2] LI Dun;HE Yaolong;LIU Shuai;YU Haichuan;MENG Xufei;LI Zhihui(China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics,Beijing 100074,China;Hypervelocity Aerodynamics Institute,China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天空气动力技术研究院,北京100074 [2]中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所,绵阳621000

出　　处：《载人航天》2020年第5期550-556,573,共8页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2014CB744100);国家自然科学基金项目(11325212)。

摘　　要：为建立对航天器破碎解体过程的模拟方法,基于非结构直角网格系统,采用弹性变形-重构耦合的动网格技术捕捉复杂运动过程,结合自主研发的非定常CFD数值方法,发展了综合考虑静态气动和动稳定性影响的仿真方法,实现了对航天器破碎、解体、分离及残骸陨落过程的模拟仿真。采用该方法对助推器自30 km高度陨落过程仿真,与飞行试验雷达测量数据对比,两者基本吻合。对整流罩陨落、大型航天器破碎解体过程进行模拟,考虑风场、气动偏差、初始状态偏差以及其他复杂工况条件对最终落点的影响,各算例显示该方法可高效预报航天器残骸陨落过程及落区,并具有较高精度和可信度。On the basis of the unstructured cartesian grid system,the elastic deformation-refactoring coupling dynamic grid technology was adopted to capture the complex motion process.Based on the unsteady CFD method,the static aerodynamic and dynamic stability database,a numerical method was developed to simulate the spacecraft disintegration,separation and debris falling process,as well as to forecast the debris falling area.Then the method was used to simulate a booster falling process from 30 km height and the results agreed well with the radar measurement data in flight test.Furthermore,the method was also used to simulate the falling process of the fairing and the breaking and disintegration process of large-scale spacecraft,in which the effects of wind field,aerodynamic deviation,initial state deviation and other complex conditions were considered.The numerical examples showed that this method could effectively forecast the falling area of spacecraft debris with high accuracy and reliability.

关 键 词：近空间残骸 解体 分离 航天器残骸 数值仿真 落区预测 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]