细菌细胞被膜压力响应的研究进展  

Research Advances of Cell Envelope Stress Response in Bacteria

作　　者：王楚晗 袁琳 吴昊 乔建军 WANG Chuhan;YUAN Lin;WU Hao;QIAO Jianjun(Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of Ministry of Education,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin University Tianjin 300072,China;College of Food Science and Bioengineering,Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;Syn Bio Research Platform,Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院系统生物工程教育部重点实验室,天津300072 [2]天津农学院食品科学与生物工程学院,天津300384 [3]天津大学化学化工协同创新中心合成生物学平台,天津300072

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2020年第8期1479-1488,共10页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:31770076)资助的课题。

摘　　要：细胞被膜是细菌监测外部环境变化并及时作出响应的第一道屏障,在面对温度、pH、渗透压、金属离子、活性氧以及抗生素压力时,对细胞进行保护。细胞被膜压力响应可以感受细胞被膜损伤,并通过调控转录以缓解压力,其中双组分系统和胞质外功能性σ因子是主要的压力响应系统。同时,越来越多的研究发现,非编码小RNA可与二者协同作用共同调节细胞被膜压力。由于革兰氏阴性菌和阳性菌的被膜结构不同,各自的响应机制也有所差异。该文基于细胞被膜结构,从革兰氏阴性菌和阳性菌两个方面详细介绍了细胞被膜压力响应及其最新研究进展,并展望了细胞被膜压力响应的未来研究方向。Cell envelope is the first barrier for bacteria to monitor the environmental changes and respond in time.It plays a role in protecting cells from the stresses of temperature,pH,osmotic pressure,metal ions,reactive oxygen,and antibiotics.CESR (cell envelope stress response) senses envelope damage and alters the transcription to mitigate stress.Two-component system and ECF (extra-cytoplasmic function) sigma factor are the main CESR.Moreover,more and more studies have found that non-coding small RNA can synergistically regulate CESR.However,due to the differences in envelope structures between Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria,the respective response mechanisms are also different.Here,according to the structures of the cell envelope,the advances in CESR from two aspects of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria in detail are reviewed,as well as the research direction of CESR in the future is prospected.

关 键 词：细菌 细胞被膜 细胞被膜压力响应 双组分系统 Σ因子 小RNA 

分 类 号：Q932[生物学—微生物学]