莲花水库水体中抗生素污染特征及生态风险评价  

Pollution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Antibiotics in Lianhua Reservoir

作　　者：廖杰 魏晓琴 肖燕琴 李青松 范洪勇 刘学军[3] 庄马展 刘超翔[2] LIAO Jie;WEI Xiao-qin;XIAO Yan-qin;LI Qing-song;FAN Hong-yong;LIU Xue-jun;ZHUANG Ma-zhan;LIU Chao-xiang(Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology,Fujian Province University,School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Xiamen University of Technology,Xiamen 361024,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion,Institute of UrbanEnvironment,Chinese Academy of Seciences,Xiamen 361021,Chinma;Sinosteel Tiancheng Environmental Protection Science&Technology Company,Wuhan 430205,China;Xiamen Institute of Environmental Sciences,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门理工学院环境科学与工程学院,环境生物技术福建省高校重点实验室,厦门361024 [2]中国科学院城市环境研究所,中国科学院城市污染物转化重点实验室,厦门361021 [3]中钢集团天澄环保科技股份有限公司,武汉430205 [4]厦门市环境科学研究院,厦门361021

出　　处：《环境科学》2020年第9期4081-4087,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51878582);福建省科技计划引导性项目(2017Y0079);福建省STS计划重点项目(2019T3023);福建省教育厅中青年教师教育科研项目(JAT190652)。

摘　　要：采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱串联质谱法对厦门市新建饮用水源地莲花水库中4类(四环素类、喹诺酮类、大环内酯类和磺胺类)13种典型抗生素进行了检测,并评价了其污染特征和生态风险等级.结果表明,除红霉素、磺胺二甲嘧啶和磺胺甲[口恶]唑外,其余10种抗生素均有不同程度检出,总浓度范围为n.d.~925.26 ng·L^-1.其中阿奇霉素的浓度最高(n.d.~232.61 ng·L^-1),检出率为75%;其次为恩诺沙星(n.d.~187.69ng·L^-1)、四环素(n.d.~155.05 ng·L^-1)和环丙沙星(n.d.~83.66 ng·L^-1),检出率均超过60%.抗生素浓度随采样点呈现出上游莲花溪S1>澳溪支流S2>库区下游S3>入库口S4>库区中心S5的趋势.抗生素季节分布特征较为明显,枯水期总浓度明显高于丰水期和平水期.生态环境风险评价表明氧氟沙星、恩诺沙星和环丙沙星的生态环境风险较高,环丙沙星为主要风险因子;枯水期的抗生素联合风险商值比丰水期和平水期高,且大于1,对生态环境存在较高风险,应引起相关部门足够重视.Thirteen typical antibiotics in surface water of the Lianhua Reservoir were analyzed using HPLC/MS/MS to assess the pollution characteristics and risk levels.Ten antibiotics except for erythromycin,sulfadiazine,and sulfamethoxazole were detected in surface water and the total concentration of antibiotics varied between non-detectable(n.d.)and 925.26 ng·L^-1.Azithromycin had the highest concentration(n.d.-232.61 ng·L^-1)with the detection frequency of 75%,followed by enrofloxacin(n.d.-187.69 ng·L^-1),tetracycline(n.d.-155.05 ng·L^-1),and ciprofloxacin(n.d.-83.66 ng·L^-1)with the detection frequencies over 60%.The spatial distribution of antibiotics was as follows:total concentration of upstream(sampling point 1)>Aoxi River stream tributary(sampling point 2)>reservoir downstream(sampling point 3)>reservoir entrance(sampling point 4)>reservoir area(sampling point 5).The seasonal variations in the concentrations of antibiotics were evident;total concentrations in the dry season were significantly higher than those in the wet and normal seasons.The results of the environmental risk assessment indicated that ofloxacin,enrofloxacin,and ciprofloxacin pose significant risks to the environment.In the Lianhua Reservoir,ciprofloxacin showed high potential risk to the ecological environment,while the environmental risks of other antibiotics in the reservoir were below the medium level.The combined risk value of the antibiotics in the dry season was higher than that in the wet and normal seasons.

关 键 词：抗生素 污染特征 生态风险评价 饮用水源 莲花水库 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]