中国竞技体育复合型训练团队的发展问题与创新路径  

Development Problems and Innovation Paths of China Competitive Sport’s Compound Training Team

作　　者：杨国庆[1,2] 彭国强 戴剑松 蒋宏伟[1] 肖爱华[1] 孙飙[1] 沈鹤军[1] 宋雅伟[1] 赵琦 叶强[1] 王家祥[1] YANG Guo-qing;PENG Guo-qiang;DAI Jian-song;JIANG Hong-wei;XIAO Ai-hua;SUN Biao;SHEN He-jun;SONG Ya-wei;ZHAO Qi;YE Qiang;WANG Jia-xiang(Nanjing Sport Institute,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu China;Jiangsu Sports and Health Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu China)

机构地区：[1]南京体育学院,江苏南京210014 [2]江苏省运动与健康工程协同创新中心,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2020年第6期10-19,34,共11页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(项目编号:18ATY003)。

摘　　要：在备战东京奥运会和2022年北京冬奥会的关键时期,采用实证调研和文献资料相结合的研究方法,系统梳理我国复合型训练团队的发展历程和存在问题,借鉴国际经验,提出复合型训练团队建设的创新路径,对于提升各项目训练参赛水平具有重要意义。研究认为:我国竞技体育复合型训练团队经历了3个发展阶段,形成了联合攻关、定点服务、科研课题等多种工作模式,同时存在运行机制不完善、工作效能不高、专业人才缺乏、成员职权不清晰、团队建设缺乏延续性等问题。美国、英国、俄罗斯等世界竞技体育强国注重复合型训练团队建设,依托多学科、多层次、多成员集体攻关,实现了训练、科研和保障高度融合。研究提出:完善我国竞技体育复合型训练团队的运行机制,提升团队整体工作效能;实施分类推进复合型训练团队建设,打造个性化、精准化的团队工作模式;优化团队结构,增强团队体系化保障能力;创新管理模式,突出团队"竞技表现主管"的核心作用;依靠先进科技,提升复合型训练团队的科学化、智能化水平。In the key period of preparing for the Tokyo Olympic Games and 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games,this paper systematically combs the development process and existed problems of China’s compound training teams by using the method of empirical investigation and literature review,draws lessons from international experience,and puts forward innovation paths of compound training team;it is of great significance to improve the training level of each sports item.The paper holds that the compound training team of China competitive sport has gone through three stages of development,and has formed a variety of working modes,such as joint research,fixed-point service and scientific research projects;at the same time,there are some problems,such as imperfect operation mechanism,low work efficiency,lack of professional talents,unclear members’authority,lack of continuity of team construction.The United States,the United Kingdom,Russia and other world competitive sports powers pay attention to the construction of compound training teams,rely on multi-disciplinary,multi-level and multi member collective tackling key problems,and realize the high integration of training,scientific research and support.The paper proposes to improve the operating mechanism of the competitive sport’s compound training team,improve the overall work efficiency of the team;promote the construction of the compound training team by classification,and create a personalized and accurate team work model;optimize the team structure,enhance the team system support capacity;innovate management model,highlight the team’s"competition performance supervisor"core role;and rely on advanced technology,enhance the scientific and intelligent level of the compound training team.

关 键 词：竞技体育 复合型训练团队 运动队管理 发展问题 

分 类 号：G808.1[文化科学—体育训练]