现代汉语所字结构的语用功能及句法特征  

The Pragmatic Functions and Syntactic Features of Suo(所)-construction in Modern Chinese

作　　者：付义琴 赵家栋[2] FU Yi-qin;ZHAO Jia-dong(Nanjing University of information Science and Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210097,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学文学院,南京210044 [2]南京师范大学文学院,南京210097

出　　处：《北京科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第5期1-8,共8页Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：江苏高校哲学社会科学基金项目“功能语法视角下古文与今译的对比研究(编号为2019SJA0175)”;江苏省社科基金规划项目“基于平行语料库的古今汉语入场方式对比研究(编号为20YYB002)”的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：所字结构在现代汉语中多有使用,但无论在句法结构还是语用功能上都体现出与古代汉语中的所字结构不一样的特征。"所"在现代汉语中具有指别性、总括性和主观评价的语用功能。"所"后的动词最常见的是心理动词、感官动词、获取义动词、经历义动词以及生成义动词。所字结构作主语和宾语时,句中谓语动词常常是系动词,其作介词宾语时,介词常常是比较义介词和处置义介词。这些特征都是与所字结构的语用功能相吻合的。Suo(所)-construction has been frequently used in modern Chinese.Compared with Suo-construction in ancient Chinese,it has some different features in syntax and pragmatics.Suo(所)in modern Chinese has identifiability,inclusivity and evaluation functions.On syntactic collocation,Suo(所)is usually followed by mental verbs,sensory verbs,get-category verbs,experience-category verbs and generate-category.When Suo-construction serves as subject and object,shi(是)-verb usually served as predicate head in the sentence.when Suo-construction serves as a prepositional object,the prepositions are usually with such semantic meanings as comparison or disposition.

关 键 词：所字结构 语用功能 动词类型 句法特征 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]