不同营养水平全混合日粮对舍饲牦牛生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响  

Effects of total mixed diets at different nutritional levels on growth performance,apparent digestibility of nutrients,slaughtering performance and meat quality of Yaks under house feeding

作　　者：鲍玉林[1] 张永洪 刘妍妍[1] BAO Yulin;ZHANG Yonghong;LIU Yanyan(Qinghai College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine,Huangyuan 812199,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Gonghe County,Gonghe 813000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海畜牧兽医职业技术学院,青海湟源812199 [2]青海省共和县畜牧兽医站,青海共和813000

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2020年第10期34-38,共5页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：青海省西宁市科技局项目(2018-Y-82)。

摘　　要：为了掌握不同营养水平全混合日粮对舍饲牦牛生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响,采用单因子试验设计方法,将45头舍饲牦牛随机分成A、B、C 3个处理组,分别饲喂低、中、高营养水平的混合日粮,检测各组平均日增重、平均日耗料量、料重比、粗灰分表观消化率、粗蛋白表观消化率、中性洗涤纤维表观消化率、酸性洗涤纤维表观消化率、总磷表观消化率、钙表观消化率、宰前活体重、胴体重、骨重、净肉重、屠宰率、肉骨比、净肉率、胴体产肉率、pH1、pH24、剪切力、熟肉率等指标。结果显示:B组与A组相比,平均日增重、平均日耗料量、粗蛋白表观消化率、宰前活体重、胴体重、净肉重、肉骨比、熟肉率均显著提高(P<0.05),料重比、剪切力均显著降低(P<0.05);C组与A组相比较,平均日增重、平均日耗料量、粗灰分表观消化率、粗蛋白表观消化率、中性洗涤纤维表观消化率、总磷表观消化率、宰前活体重、胴体重、骨重、净肉重、屠宰率、肉骨比、净肉率、pH1、pH24、熟肉率均显著提高(P<0.05),料重比、剪切力均显著降低(P<0.05);C组与B组相比较,平均日增重、粗灰分表观消化率、粗蛋白表观消化率、宰前活体重、净肉重均显著提高(P<0.05),料重比、剪切力均显著降低(P<0.05)。结果表明:随着舍饲牦牛全混合日粮中营养水平的逐步提高,舍饲牦牛的生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、屠宰性能和肉品质逐步提高。In order to understand the effects of total mixed diets at different nutritional levels on the growth performance,apparent digestibility of nutrients,slaughter performance and meat quality of house-fed yaks,45 house-fed yaks were obtained and randomly divided into three groups:A,B and C which were fed with total mixed diets at low,medium and high nutritional levels,respectively.Then,measurements were performed on the animals of their average daily gain,average daily consumption;feed-weight ratio;apparent digestibility of crude ash,crude protein,neutral detergent fibers,acid detergent fiber,total phosphorus and calcium,pre-slaughter live weight,carcass weight,bone weight,net meat weight,slaughter rate,meat-bone ratio,net meat rate,carcass meat yield,pH1,pH24,shear force,cooked meat rate and other indicators.The results showed that,compared with Group A,Group B had significantly higher average daily gain,average daily feed consumption,crude protein apparent digestibility,pre-slaughter live weight,carcass weight,net meat weight,meat-bone ratio and cooked meat rate(P<0.05),but lower feed-weight ratio and shear force(P<0.05).Group C,compared with Group A,had significantly higher average daily gain,average daily feed consumption,apparent digestibility of crude ash,apparent digestibility of crude protein,apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber,apparent digestibility of total phosphorus,live weight before slaughter,carcass weight,bone weight,net meat weight,slaughter rate,meat-bone ratio,net meat rate,pH1,pH24 and cooked meat rate(P<0.05),but lower feed-weight ratio and shear stress(P<0.05).Group C,compared with group B,had significantly higher average daily gain,apparent digestibility of crude ash,apparent digestibility of crude protein,pre-mortem live weight and net meat weight(P<0.05),but lower ratio of feed to weight and shear force(P<0.05).These results indicated that the growth performance,apparent digestibility of nutrients,slaughter performance and meat quality of house-fed yaks were gradually improved

关 键 词：牦牛 营养水平 生长性能 营养物质表观消化率 屠宰性能 肉品质 

分 类 号：S823.9[农业科学—畜牧学]