铁路长大货车导向梁组成焊接工艺  

Welding technology for guide beams composition of long railway wagons

作　　者：金朝辉 孙海涛 张忠玉 冯宝珠 Jin Zhaohui;Sun Haitao;Zhang Zhongyu;Feng Baozhu(CRRC Qiqihar Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Qiqihar 161002,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161002

出　　处：《焊接》2020年第5期57-60,64,共5页Welding & Joining

摘　　要：通过对铁路长大货车的重要部件导向梁组成的结构进行分析,策划了整体焊接工艺流程,针对其空间结构形状不规则的特点,通过采用专用工艺装备,确定组装工艺基准;对组成的零部件材质进行分析、识别,针对WEL-TEN780A低合金高强钢焊接及异种材料焊接,选取相应的焊接方式,确定焊接材料、焊接工艺参数;对主要的焊接变形进行分析,采取合理有效的措施、方法进行矫正;制定合理的组焊、加工顺序,保证导向销套的位置尺寸。解决了承受重载荷、结构复杂的导向梁组成焊接质量保证、WEL-TEN780A低合金高强钢及异种材料焊接质量保证、中厚板焊接变形控制和焊后矫正、主要零部件的位置尺寸保证等焊接工艺难题。满足了导向梁组成的各项形位公差尺寸要求,保证了整体焊接质量。Based on the analysis of the structure of the guide beam composition that was an important part of long railway wagons,the overall welding process was planned.According to the irregular shape of its spatial structure,the special process equipment was adopted to determine the assembly process benchmark.The material of the components was analyzed and identified.In accordance with the welding of WEL-TEN780A low alloy high strength steel and different materials,the corresponding welding method was selected,and the welding materials and welding parameters were determined.The main welding deformation was analyzed,and reasonable and effective measures and methods were taken to correct it.A reasonable welding and machining sequence was made to ensure the position and size of the guide sleeve.The welding process problems were solved such as welding quality assurance of guide beam composition under heavy load and complex structure,welding quality assurance of WEL-TEN780A low alloy high strength steel and different materials,welding deformation control and post-weld correction of medium and heavy plate and location dimension assurance of main parts.Finally,the requirements of geometrical tolerance and dimension of guide beam composition were met,and the overall welding quality requirements were guaranteed.

关 键 词：焊接工艺 铁路长大货车 导向梁组成 WEL-TEN780A合金钢 变形控制 

分 类 号：TG44[金属学及工艺—焊接]