新冠疫情期间世界民族主义的政治异动  

The Unusual Surge of Nationalism during the COVID-19 Pandemic

作　　者：全燕[1] Quan Yan

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学新闻与传播学院,广州510006

出　　处：《国际论坛》2020年第5期43-58,156,157,共18页International Forum

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“当代民粹主义思潮最新发展动态及其社会治理研究”(项目编号:16AZD034)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：新冠疫情期间,世界范围内的民族主义异动状况引人瞩目。一些右翼政府和政党为转嫁国内压力,将病毒传播政治化,制造了一系列极端排外的种族歧视和宗教冲突事件,具体表现在对少数民族和宗教人口的污名化,推行排外的民族主义政策,以及制造针对特定群体的阴谋论等。逆全球化潮流是这场民族主义政治异动的深刻背景,世界各地不断兴起的反全球化运动以及各国极右翼势力的崛起使得民族主义成为显著的政治思潮,并在疫情期间迅速蔓延。从深层次看,资本主义内部固有的不平等和极端排外的民族主义思潮相互构建,从根本上形成了疫情期间政治异动的根源。应对这一异常的世界政治新动向,需要我们以强有力的公共政策和社会公平为支撑点,坚持多边主义的政治共识,减轻民族主义敌对排外情绪的消极影响,并将环境可持续性、人口公平和人道主义团结置于重建和复兴方案的核心,才有可能形成修复政治、阻击疫情的决定性力量。The extraordinary surge of nationalism during the COVID-19 pandemic is something that deserves attention.Since some right-wing governments and political parties politicize the pandemic by scapegoating others,they have created a series of extremist,anti-foreign racist incidents and religious conflicts.Specifically,they include the stigmatization of certain ethnic minorities and people of certain religious faiths,antiforeign nationalist policies,and propagating conspiracy theories against certain groups.Against the background of deglobalization,this surge in nationalism has spread very quickly thanks to rising anti-globalization movements worldwide and the rise of rightwing forces.This paper contends that the root cause of the nationalist surge during COVID-19 is the combination of inequality inherent in capitalism and ultra-antiforeign nationalism.To cope with this surge,we need to promote strong public policies and social equity,and resurrect the spirit of multilateralism so as to reduce the negative impact of nationalism.In doing so we must place sustainability,demographic equality and humanitarianism at the heart of the reconstruction plan.Only in this way can we muster the force necessary to put politics back to normal and successfully tackle the global pandemic.

关 键 词：新冠疫情 全球化 新自由主义 民族主义 民粹主义 政治异动 

分 类 号：D51[政治法律—政治学]