新冠疫情跨国扩散背景下的西方对华污名化  

The Stigmatization of China by Western Countries against the Background of the COVID-19 Pandemic

作　　者：曾向红[1,2] 李琳琳[2] Zeng Xianghong;Li linlin

机构地区：[1]兰州大学中亚研究所,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学政治与国际关系学院,兰州730000

出　　处：《国际论坛》2020年第5期117-135,159,160,共21页International Forum

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“‘颜色革命’的发生、扩散与应对研究”(项目批准号:19BGJ051)的阶段性成果;兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费(项目编号:2019jbkyjd005、2020jbkyjc001、2020jbkyjd003、2020jbkyxs017)的资助。

摘　　要：新冠疫情在中国暴发以来,西方借机对华掀起了新一轮声势浩大的污名化浪潮。随着疫情在全球范围内多点暴发,对华污名化经历了从道德性指责到政治性攻击的演进历程,呈现出主体多元化、动机政治化、内容复杂化等特征。以美国为首的部分西方国家借助文化霸权和话语权力,妄图通过对华污名化将中国塑造为疫情的“罪魁祸首”,以此争取国内外支持,达到对华打压与遏制的政治目的。在充满不确定性的疫情面前,针对中国的污名化运动已经展现出强大的破坏力:世界各地的亚裔成为种族主义者的攻击对象;中美两国关系愈加趋向紧张;中国的外交处境更加艰难。对此,中国应从污名生成的机制入手,分别采取有针对性的措施,提高应对舆论危机的能力与韧性,在去污名化过程中做到有情、有理、有力、有节,彰显负责任大国的国际担当与人文关怀。Since the COVID-19 epidemic first broke out in China,the West has engaged in a massive stigmatization drive against China.As the epidemic struck more and more countries across the world,stigmatizing China has evolved from moral criticism to political attacks,featuring diverse subjects of stigmatization,politicized motivations,and complex stigmatizing contents.Taking advantage of their cultural and discourse power,some western countries,led by the US,have used stigmatization to paint China as the“culprit”of the pandemic,in order to win support at home and abroad to advance their political goal of containing China.Given the uncertainty arising from the pandemic,the drive to stigmatize China has had serious destructive impacts:more and more people of Asian origin in other parts of the world have become targets of racist attacks,Sino-US relations have come under great strain,and China faces a far harsher external environment.In response,China should,based on an understanding of stigma-diffusion mechanisms,take calibrated measures to enhance its ability and resilience in dealing with the publicity crisis.In making its de-stigmatization moves,China should adhere to the principles of compassion,just cause,efficacy,and proper restraint,and act in a way befitting its role as a responsible great power and true to its humanistic character.

关 键 词：新冠疫情 污名与污名化 西方对华舆论 国际舆论环境 应对策略 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]