高大空间建筑自动喷水灭火数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation of Automatic Sprinkler in High Clearance Building

作　　者：黄晓家 赵耀 谢水波 吴懂礼 杨世全 尧炜杰 HUANG Xiao-jia;ZHAO Yao;XIE Shui-bo;WU Dong-li;YANG Shi-quan;YAO Wei-jie(China IPPR International Engineering Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100089,China;School of Civil Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国中元国际工程有限公司,北京100089 [2]南华大学土木工程学院,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2020年第17期6-12,共7页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0807605)。

摘　　要：基于实体灭火试验,利用FDS数值模拟软件探究了净空高度为18 m的高大空间建筑自动喷水灭火系统不同喷水强度和响应时间指数(RTI)对灭火效果的影响。结果表明,喷水强度为30 L/(min·m^2)时,自动喷水灭火系统能快速抑制火灾;喷水强度为20 L/(min·m^2)时,喷头及时动作或开放多个喷头可实现控火;喷水强度为15 L/(min·m^2)时,由于喷水强度较小,水滴直接送达燃料表面的量很少,但在开放更多的喷头情况下,水能有效湿润燃烧物周边的可燃物,从而有效控火。根据不同参数下的真实物品数值模拟,对喷头动作时间、启动个数、控火时间、过火面积、物品损失,以及系统的可靠性等多方面比较,提出了工程应用设计参数,建议此类场所下喷头的喷水强度为20 L/(min·m^2),喷头响应类型采用快速响应。Based on the physical fire extinguishing experiment,the effect of different sprinkler density and response time index(RTI)on fire extinguishment in a high clearance building with the clearance of 18 m was explored by using FDS numerical simulation software.When the sprinkler density was 30 L/(min·m^2),the automatic sprinkler system could suppress the fire quickly and effectively.When the sprinkler density was 20 L/(min·m^2),the automatic sprinkler system could act in time or open multiple sprinklers to control the fire.When the sprinkler density was 15 L/(min·m^2),water droplets could not reach the fuel surface directly due to the low sprinkler density.However,when more sprinklers were opened,the water was effective in wetting the combustibles around the burner and effectively controlled the fire.According to the numerical simulation of physical objects under different parameters,operating time of sprinkler,number of opening sprinklers,fire surppression time,overfire area,fire loss and system reliability were compared,and the design parameters of engineering application were proposed.It was suggested that the sprinkler density in high clearance building should be 20 L/(min·m^2),and fast response of the sprinklers should be adopted.

关 键 词：高大空间建筑 自动喷水灭火系统 真实物品数值模拟 标准燃烧物 喷水强度 响应时间指数 

分 类 号：TU998.1[建筑科学—市政工程]