基于TOPMODEL的分布式水文模型在中小流域的应用研究  

Application of distributed hydrological model based on TOPMODEL in small and medium-sized river basins

作　　者：李振亚[1] 黄国新 肖凤林[3] 胡玲玲 王淑梅 王娇 LI Zhenya;HUANG Guoxin;XIAO Fenglin;HU Lingling;WANG Shumei;WANG Jiao(Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;Ganzhou Hydrologic Bureau of Jiangxi Province,Ganzhou 341000,China;Beijing Goldenwater Information Technology Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100053,China;Yichun Hydrologic Bureau of Jiangxi Province,Yichun 336200,China;Shangrao Hydrologic Bureau of Jiangxi Province,Shangrao 334000,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学,江苏南京210098 [2]江西省赣州市水文局,江西赣州341000 [3]北京金水信息技术发展有限公司,北京100053 [4]江西省宜春水文局,江西宜春336200 [5]江西省上饶水文局,江西上饶334000

出　　处：《江西水利科技》2020年第5期374-381,共8页Jiangxi Hydraulic Science & Technology

摘　　要：及时准确的洪水预报可为防汛减灾、洪水风险评估、水资源调配管理等方面提供重要的理论指导和决策依据.本文根据TOPMODEL和一维水动力学原理,构建了一套适用于中小流域的松散型分布式水文模型,筛选了40场代表性洪水,对模型的模拟精度进行了评价.结果表明:所有场次洪水模拟结果的峰现时间误差绝对值合格率为97.5%、达到甲级预报精度,洪峰相对误差合格率为75%、达到乙级预报精度,效率系数合格率为77.5%、可达乙级预报精度.本文构建的松散型分布式水文模型,模型参数少、运算速度快且具有较强的物理机制,可为分布式水文模型在实时洪水预报领域的应用提供一条新思路.Timeliness and accuracy of flood forecast can provide important theoretical guidance and basis of decision for flood control and disaster reduction,flood risk assessment,water resources allocation and management,etc.Based on Topmodel and one-dimensional hydrodynamics theory,a set of loose distributed hydrological model for small and medium-sized basins was constructed,choose 40 representative floods,evaluated the simulation accuracy of the model.The results show that the qualified rate of peak-apparent time error absolute value is 97.5%,the qualified rate of relative error is 75%,the qualified rate of efficiency coefficient is 77.5%.The loosely distributed hydrological model constructed in this paper has few parameters,fast calculation speed and strong physical mechanism,which can provide a new idea for the application of distributed hydrological model in real-time flood forecasting.

关 键 词：TOPMODEL 分布式水文模型 水文模拟 中小流域 

分 类 号：P333.9[天文地球—水文科学]