新疆13种荒漠植物根内生放线菌多样性及其抗菌活性筛选  

Diversity and Antimicrobial Activity of the Endophytic Actinomycetes from the Root of 13 Desert Plants in Xinjiang

作　　者：雷艳娟 夏占峰 曾红 张利莉 Lei Yanjuan;Xia Zhanfeng;Zeng Hong;Zhang Lili(College of Life Sciences,Tarim University/Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin,Xinjiang Production&Construction Corps.Alar,Xinjiang 843300)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学生命科学学院/新疆生产建设兵团塔里木盆地生物资源保护利用重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《塔里木大学学报》2020年第3期1-13,共13页Journal of Tarim University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金—新疆联合基金重点项目“塔里木盆地放线菌资源代谢潜力的深度挖掘”(U1703236)。

摘　　要：以荒漠植物骆驼刺、铃铛刺、碱蓬、盐穗木、柽柳等13种植物的根为材料,利用SCA培养基分离其内生放线菌,通过菌株16S rRNA基因测序,分析荒漠植物内生放线菌物种多样性。以金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、白色念珠菌、细极链格孢菌、大丽轮枝菌和尖孢镰刀菌为靶标,通过琼脂扩散法和平板对峙法开展抗菌活性筛选。从13种荒漠植物分离出533株内生放线菌,鉴定的361株,分布于6个目,7个科,9个属,77个种,另有3个潜在新种,其中链霉菌属为优势类群,冢村氏菌属与伦茨菌属首次从植物中分离得到。研究表明13种荒漠植物内生放线菌多样性有明显差异,骆驼刺内生放线菌最丰富,分离到6个属27个种,链霉菌属有20个种;老鹳草分离到的菌株数量最多,有3个属;铃铛刺分离到2个属,其中的链霉菌属有28个种;猪毛菜、盐穗木等植物只分离到链霉菌属。抗菌活性筛选显示80株放线菌有抗菌活性,其中链霉菌74株,拟无枝酸菌3株,拟诺卡氏菌、糖霉菌和链孢囊菌各1株。本研究为寻找新型抗菌活性化合物,为生物医药和生物肥料提供菌株来源。In this study,thirteen different desert species such as Alhagi sparsifolia Shap,Halimodendron halodendron(Pall.)Voss,Suaeda glauca(Bunge)Bunge,Halostachys caspica(Bieb.)C.A.Mey,and Tamarix chinensis Lour.were collected from Aksu region in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Their roots were sterilized,grinded and then spread on SCA agar to isolate endophytic actino⁃myces.Diversity of endophytic actinobacteria associated desert plants were analyzed by comparing 16s rRNA gene sequences.The anti⁃microbial activity was detected by agar diffusion and confrontation methods,against Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Candida albicans,Alternaria tenuissima,Verticillium dahliae,and Fusarium oxysporum.A total of 533 endophytic actinobacteria strains were isolated and 361 were identified from the roots of 13 plants.They distributed in 6 orders,7 families,9 genera and 77 species including 3 potential new species of Streptomyces.Streptomyces were dominant group,Tsukamurella and Lentza were isolated from plants for the first time.Studies have shown that the diversity of endophytic actinomycetes in 13 desert plants is significantly different.Actinobacteria isolated from Alhagi sparsifolia Shap.were the most abundant with 6 genera and 27 species,and 20 species have been affiliated to Strep⁃tomyces;There were only 3 genera isolated from Geranium wilfordii Maxim,and 2 genera isolated from Halimodendron halodendron(Pall.)Voss,which harbored 28 species of Streptomyces.Only Streptomyces were isolated from Salsola sinkiangensis A.J.Li,Halo⁃stachys caspica(Bieb.)C.A.Mey.and other remained plants.Antibacterial activity screening showed that 80 isolates had antibacterial activity,of which 74 were Streptomyces,3 were Amycolatopsis,1 were Nocardia,and 1 were Glycomyces,another one were Streptosporan⁃gium.This research is to find potential strains produced novel antimicrobial compounds,and to provide strain sources for biomedicine and biofertilizers.

关 键 词：荒漠植物 内生放线菌 物种多样性 抗菌活性 

分 类 号：Q939.132[生物学—微生物学]