Diversity and versatile functions of metallothioneins produced by plants:A review  

作　　者：SAEED-UR-RAHMAN Muhammad KHALD Nan HUI Sadaf-Ilyas KAYANI Kexuan TANG 

机构地区：[1]Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic&Developmental Sciences,Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(South)o f Ministry of Agriculture,Plant Biotechnology Research Center,Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center,School of Agriculture and Biology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240(China) [2]Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture,School of Agriculture and Biology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240(China)

出　　处：《Pedosphere》2020年第5期577-588,共12页土壤圈（英文版）

基　　金：This research was supported by the National Key R&D Programe of China(No.2018 YFA 0900600).

摘　　要：Metal ions are essential for plant growth and development,but in excess,these compounds can become highly toxic.Plants have adopted numerous ways to maintain metal homeostasis while mitigating adverse effects of excess metal ions,including phytochelatin and the metal-chelating proteins metallothioneins(MTs).A family of cysteine(Cys)-rich,intracellular,and low-molecular-weight(4-8 kDa)MTs are proteins found in nearly all phyla including plants,animals,and fungi,and they have the potential to scavenge reactive oxygen species and detoxify toxic metals including copper,cadmium,and zinc.Based on their Cys numbers and residues,MTs have been categorized into three major classes.Class I MTs,which have highly conserved Cys residues,are found in animals,while class II MTs,with less conserved Cys residues,are present in plants and are classified further into four groups.Class III MTs include phytochelatins,a group of enzymatically synthesized Cys-rich proteins.The MTs have been an area of interest for five decades with extensive studies,which have been facilitated by advancements in instrumental techniques,protein science,and molecular biology tools.Here,we reviewed current advances in our understanding of the regulation of MT biosynthesis,their expression,and their potential roles in the alleviation of abiotic stresses(i.e.,drought,salinity,and oxidative stresses)and heavy metal detoxification and homeostasis.

关 键 词：abiotic stress BIOSYNTHESIS gene expression heavy metals reactive oxygen species enzyme regulation 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]